French author Marcel Proust's seven full-length novels: Swann's Way (1913), In the Shadow of Flowering Maidens (1918), Guermantes (1920-21), Sodom and Gomorrah (1921-22), The Captive Woman (1922), The Girl Who Fled (1925), and Time Found (1927). The novel begins with the narrator's recollection of the village of Combray, where he spent his childhood. There are two separate walking paths leading to the Swann family and the Guermantes family, symbolizing the bourgeoisie and aristocratic societies, respectively. The novel depicts the intersection and fusion of these two worlds, which the boy "I" thought were completely incompatible, over the course of "time," with France as its backdrop, from the fin de siècle to the First World War. The novel does not follow a traditional plot development, but instead relies on a musical composition, in which the main themes resonate with each other, and this is one of the originalities of Proust's novels. Life in Combray, "I's" first love for Swann's daughter Gilberte, Swann and Odette's love, and "I's" encounter with the flowering maidens at the seaside resort of Balbec. This is followed by a Balzac-esque description of the customs of Parisian high society, centered around the aristocratic Guermantes family, a clinical description of homosexuals, and a detailed analysis of the narrator's romantic psychology and jealousy towards Albertine.Finally, the novel closes its vast circle of flashbacks with a concert scene at the residence of the Grand Duchess of Guermantes, in which the main characters appear as vastly changed aged individuals. At the same time, this novel is also a book of the inner journey that the aspiring writer "I" takes in his search for his own truth. When "I" is ultimately unable to find that truth and thinks all is lost, he experiences the past overflowing into the present through involuntary memories that he has experienced several times in his life, and tastes deep joy. Convinced that this timeless life that has miraculously been revived is his own truth, "I" resolves to recreate it in the form of a work. Thus, while this novel features "time" as the invisible protagonist, it is also a grand drama of the human spirit overcoming time, its destroyer. Finally, another interesting feature of this novel is the splendid metaphorical expression of the "impressions" of things reflected in consciousness. In other words, it is the depth of contemplation that penetrates the object and grasps its qualitative essence. Because of this recreation of the world through an introspective vision, his work is not only a masterpiece of psychological fiction in the tradition of French novels, but also transcends the framework of 19th century Western European realism and can be said to have become a pioneer of modern literature. [Hokari Mizuho] "In Search of Lost Time" translated by Kyuichiro Inoue (Chikuma World Literature Series 57, 58A, 58B, 59A, 59B, 1973-82, Chikuma Shobo) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスの作家マルセル・プルーストの長編小説。『スワン家のほうへ』(1913)、『花咲く乙女たちのかげに』(1918)、『ゲルマントのほう』(1920~21)、『ソドムとゴモラ』(1921~22)、『囚(とら)われの女』(1922)、『逃げ去る女』(1925)、『見出(みいだ)された時』(1927)の7編からなる。 小説は語り手の「私」が少年時代を過ごしたコンブレーの村の回想から始まる。ここにはスワン家のほうとゲルマント家のほうへ延びる別々の散歩道があり、それぞれブルジョア社会と貴族社会を象徴している。小説は少年の「私」にはまったく相いれないと思われたこの二つの世界が「時間」の流れのなかで交差・融合してゆく姿を、世紀末から第一次世界大戦に至るフランスを背景に描き出す。その手法は伝統的な筋の展開にはよらず、主要テーマが交響しあう、いわば音楽的構成によっていて、ここにまずプルーストの小説の独創の一つがある。コンブレーでの生活、スワンの娘ジルベルトへの「私」の初恋、スワンとオデットの恋、海辺の避暑地バルベックでの「私」と花咲く乙女たちとの出会い。ついで大貴族ゲルマント一族を中心とするパリ社交界のバルザック的な風俗描写、同性愛者の臨床医的な記述、アルベルチーヌに対する「私」の恋愛心理と嫉妬(しっと)の精緻(せいち)な分析が続き、最後に主要人物が変わり果てた老残の姿で登場してくるゲルマント大公妃邸での演奏会の場面で、小説はその巨大な回想の円環を閉じる。 一方、この小説は作家志望の「私」が自己の真実を求めてたどる内的遍歴の書でもある。「私」はついにその真実を発見できず、すべては失われたと思ったとき、それまでの人生で幾度か経験したことのある無意志的記憶によって過去が現在にあふれ出るのを体験し、深い歓(よろこ)びを味わう。「私」は奇跡的によみがえったこの超時間的な生命こそ自己の真実であると確信し、これを作品として再創造する決意を固める。したがってこの小説は「時間」を姿なき主人公としつつ、破壊者であるその時間を克服する人間精神の壮大なドラマでもあった。 最後にこの小説のいま一つの興味は、意識に映ずる事物の「印象」の隠喩(いんゆ)表現のみごとさにある。換言すれば、対象に浸透してその質的本質をとらえる観照の深さにある。この内観的なビジョンによる世界の再創造ゆえに、彼の作品は、フランス小説の伝統に従う心理小説の傑作たるにとどまらず、19世紀の西欧リアリズムの枠を超えて、現代文学の先駆となりえたといえるだろう。 [保苅瑞穂] 『井上究一郎訳『失われた時を求めて』(『筑摩世界文学大系57・58A・58B・59A・59B』1973~82・筑摩書房)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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