The capital of the northwestern Homs Governorate in central Syria. Hims in Arabic. Located on the Orontes River, with Lake Homs to the southwest, it is at the eastern end of the only natural passage from the coast to the interior. In ancient times it was called Emesa, and the battlefield of the Egyptian king Ramses II and the Hittite king Muwatalish (1299 BC) is nearby. Emesa had a temple to the sun god, and the king, who also served as a priest, ruled throughout the Roman period. In 636, it was occupied by Muslims and renamed Himsh. Under the Ottoman Empire, it was designated as the provincial capital. It is currently a thriving commercial city. It produces barley and onions as agricultural products, and jewels, silk, cotton, wool, belts, and cloaks as industrial products. In 1959, a state-run oil refinery was completed, and there are also agricultural experiment stations, and factories for vegetable oil, fertilizer, and sugar. It is an important junction of railways and roads linking the Mediterranean coast with the interior, and a key location on the road linking the capital Damascus with Aleppo in the north. A mosque was built in honor of the famous Arab general Khalid ibn al-Walid, who died here in 642, in 1908, and the famous Crusader castle Crak des Chevaliers is nearby. Population: 518,000 (1992 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
シリア中央部,ホムス県の北西部にある県都。アラビア語ではヒムシュ Hims。オロンテス川に沿い,南西にホムス湖を控え,海岸地方から内陸へいたる唯一の自然通路の東端に位置する。古代にはエメサと呼ばれ,付近にエジプトのラムセス2世とヒッタイトの王ムワタリシュの古戦場 (前 1299) がある。エメサには太陽神をまつる寺院があり,祭司を兼任する国王がローマ時代を通じて君臨していた。 636年イスラム教徒が占領し,ヒムシュと改名。オスマン帝国の支配下では州都に定められた。現在は商業都市として繁栄。農産物では大麦,タマネギなどを,工業製品では宝石,絹織物,綿織物,毛織物,ベルト,マントなどを産する。 1959年国営製油工場が完成したほか,農業試験場,植物油,肥料,製糖などの工場がある。地中海沿岸地方と内陸部を結ぶ鉄道,道路の重要な分岐点であり,首都ダマスカスと北のアレッポを結ぶ道路上の要衝でもある。 642年にこの地で死んだアラブの名将ハーリド・イブヌル・ワリードのモスクが建造され (1908) ,近くに十字軍時代の名城クラク・デ・シュバリエもある。人口 51万 8000 (1992推計) 。
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