Local governorship - Jikatachigyo

Japanese: 地方知行 - じかたちぎょう

Under the early modern Bakuhan system, this was a form of fief in which daimyo allocated land (regions) with peasants to their vassals. Local fiefs were allocated to upper and middle-ranking vassals, and the vassals were called kyunin (jito) and the fiefs were called kyusho (chigyosho). The shogun also allocated similar fiefs to upper and middle-ranking hatamoto and some gokenin, which were also called local fiefs, but daimyo chigyo were distinguished by calling the daimyo the feudal lord and the fief the territory the domain. However, local fiefs under the Bakuhan system, which generally required people to live in castle towns, were different from the form of fiefs of medieval samurai who directly controlled land, peasants, and taxes, and were subject to certain restrictions from the daimyo. While local recipients were called chigyotori, vassals who received rice, fuchimai, and stipends were called kuramaitori. Among the vassals of the feudal lords and small and medium-sized daimyo, the weight of the kuramaitori was high, while for the tozama and large daimyo, the local chigyo was important. However, after the Kan'ei period (1624-1644), as the power of the daimyo became stronger, many domains shifted from local chigyo to kuramai chigyo, and even if the form of the local chigyo remained, the authority of the tributary in the area was greatly restricted, and in many cases it became a mere formality.
→ Related topics Kanazawa Domain | Domain government reform | Husband service | Matsushiro Domain

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

近世の幕藩体制下において，大名が家臣に対して百姓付の土地＝地方をあてがった知行形態をいう。地方知行は上・中級の家臣にあてがわれ，あてがわれた家臣を給人（地頭）知行地を給所（知行所）という。将軍も上・中級の旗本や一部御家人に対して同等の知行をあてがい，これも地方知行と称したが，大名知行は大名を領主，知行地を領分とよんで区別した。しかし，城下居住を原則とする幕藩体制下の地方知行は土地・百姓・年貢を直接支配する中世武士の知行形態とは異なり，大名から一定の規制を受けた。地方受給者を知行取とよぶのに対して，切米・扶持米・給金などを給される家臣を蔵米取とよんだ。知行高のうち譜代や中小大名では蔵米取の比重が高かったが，外様や大大名では地方知行が重きをなした。しかし，寛永期（1624年―1644年）以降，大名権力の確立とともに，地方知行から蔵米知行に移行する藩が多く，地方知行の形式を残していても給主の在地支配の権限が大幅に制限され，形骸化する場合が多くなった。
→関連項目金沢藩｜藩政改革｜夫役｜松代藩

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