Pobusang - hofusho (English spelling)

Japanese: 褓負商 - ほふしょう（英語表記）pobusang

Also called "fusho". Refers to peddlers who travel around markets in Korea. A general term for "fusho", who dealt mainly in slightly expensive miscellaneous goods such as metal utensils, crowns, hats, brushes and ink, and "fusho", who dealt in slightly cheaper everyday goods such as wooden utensils, earthenware, and grass mats. There are various theories about their origin, but they are thought to have been around the time of the unification of Silla. During the Joseon Dynasty (Yi Dynasty), they were officially recognized by the government, formed a union, and actively engaged in commercial activities under strict discipline. They were engaged in commerce during normal times, and in times of emergency, they devoted themselves to military duties such as carrying provisions, scouting, and communication. At the end of the Joseon Dynasty, they were sometimes mobilized for political organizations, and in 1898, they attacked the Independence Association as part of the action squad of the conservative Imperial Association, and later called themselves the Kyojinhoe and advocated pro-imperial reforms, or in concert with the Iljinhoe, advocated the unification of Japan and Korea.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

負褓商ともいう。朝鮮で各地の市場を巡回する行商人をさす。おもに金属器，冠，笠，筆墨などやや高価な雑貨を取扱う褓商と木器，土器，草むしろなどやや安価な日用雑貨を取扱う負商の総称。その発生については諸説あるが，新羅統一期前後と考えられ，朝鮮王朝 (李朝) 時代に政府の公認を受け，組合をつくり，固い規律のもとに活発な商業活動を展開した。彼らは平常は商業に従事し，有事には運糧，偵察，通信などの軍務に献身した。朝鮮王朝末期にいたり政治団体に動員されることもあり，光武2 (1898) 年には守旧派の皇国協会の行動隊として独立協会を襲撃し，その後は共進会と称し尊王改革を標榜，あるいは一進会と呼応して日韓合邦論を主張した。

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