Hobugyōnin (guardian of the government)

Japanese: 保奉行人 - ほぶぎょうにん

The Kamakura Shogunate's organizational structure. Hojo Yasutoki, who went to Kyoto in 1238 (Rekijin 1) and established the police system in Kyoto, established administrative units called ho after Kyoto's example when he returned to Kamakura, and established hobugyonin after the hokannin (Kebiishi). The hobugyonin were responsible for security in each region (ho) in Kamakura, and according to a law issued in 40 (Ninji 1) their main duties were to crack down on thieves, villains and other miscellaneous people, and to control business. In that respect, their jurisdiction was different from that of the Samurai-dokoro, which was for vassals of the Gokenin, and they came under the command of the Mandokoro, which had jurisdiction over miscellaneous people.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

鎌倉幕府の職制。1238年(暦仁1)に上洛して京都の警固体制を整備した北条泰時は，鎌倉に帰ると京都にならって保という行政単位をしき，保官人(検非違使)にならって保奉行人を置いた。保奉行人は鎌倉中の地域別(保)の警備担当者であり，40年(仁治1)に鎌倉中に出された法令によれば，盗人，悪党以下の雑人の取締りや商売統制を任務の中心としている。その点で御家人を対象とする侍所とは管轄を異にし，雑人の裁判権をもつ政所の指揮下に属していた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

<<: Hopkins, Sir Anthony

>>: Bobcat - Bobcat (English spelling)