A perennial floating aquatic plant of the Pontederiaceae (APG classification: Pontederiaceae). It is also called water hyacinth or water hyacinth. The roots are thin and hang down in the water. The leaves are round or oval, bright green and shiny. The base of the petiole swells to form an air sac, which floats on the water surface. In summer, it produces a flower stalk about 30 cm tall, which produces a spike-like inflorescence, and blooms a funnel-shaped, bell-shaped flower about 3 cm in diameter. It has six pale bluish purple perianths, with large, dark spots on the upper part and a yellow center. Native to subtropical America, it was introduced to Japan in the mid-Meiji period and has become naturalized in warm regions. It is used as an ornamental plant in ponds and goldfish bowls. It is cultivated by floating it on the water surface or by potting it in mud with only the pot submerged in water. If it is nutritious, it will grow vigorously on its stolon, covering the water surface and becoming a pest in many places. It has a high ability to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus from the water and prevents the growth of plankton, so it is sometimes used to purify eutrophic lakes. It is also used as livestock feed, and is attracting attention for its fermented gas energy use. [Kiyoro Yoshie June 18, 2019] A floating aquatic plant native to subtropical America. The base of the petiole swells to form an air sac, allowing it to float on the water surface. ©Shogakukan Photo by Okuyama Hisashi "> Water hyacinth In summer, it produces flower stalks and spikes that bloom into funnel-shaped, pale blue-purple flowers. The upper part of the six perianth is large, has dark markings, and is yellow in the center. ©Shogakukan Photo by Masatoshi Hirose "> Water hyacinth flower Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ミズアオイ科(APG分類:ミズアオイ科)の多年生の浮遊性水草。ホテイソウ、ウォーターヒヤシンスともいう。根は細く、水中に垂れる。葉は円形または卵円形、鮮緑色で光沢がある。葉柄の基部近くが膨らんで気嚢(きのう)となり、水面に浮かぶ。夏、高さ約30センチメートルの花茎を出して穂状花序をつくり、漏斗(ろうと)状鐘形で径約3センチメートルの花を開く。花被(かひ)は6枚で淡青紫色、上片は大きくて濃い斑紋(はんもん)があり、その中央は黄色である。亜熱帯アメリカ原産で、日本へは明治中期に導入され、暖地では野生化している。池や金魚鉢で観賞する。栽培は水面に浮かべるか、泥土で鉢植えし、鉢のみを水中に沈める。栄養がよいと匐枝(ふくし)で猛烈に繁殖して水面を覆い、各地で害草となっている。水中の窒素やリンを吸収する能力が高く、プランクトンの発生を防ぐので、富栄養湖の浄化に使われることもある。また、家畜飼料とするほか、発酵させたガスのエネルギー利用の面でも注目されている。 [吉江清朗 2019年6月18日] 亜熱帯アメリカ原産の浮遊性水草。葉柄の基部近くが膨らんで気嚢となり、水面に浮かぶ©Shogakukan 撮影/おくやまひさし"> ホテイアオイ 夏に花茎を出して穂状花序をつくり、漏斗状鐘形の淡青紫色花を開く。6枚ある花被の上片は大きく、濃い斑紋があり、中央は黄色©Shogakukan 撮影/広瀬雅敏"> ホテイアオイの花 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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