Pak Yŏn (English spelling)

Japanese: 朴堧 - ぼくせん（英語表記）Pak Yŏn

1378‐1458
A musician and official of the Yi Dynasty of Korea. His pen name was Danbu and his pen name was Langye. He was from Miryang. In 1411, he passed the liberal arts examination and was awarded the rank of Grand Chief Scholar of the Arts and Letters Institute. In 1427, he perfected the twelve-tone scale and organized the musical system using his own yellow bell and horn, and in 1431, he abolished the hyanggaku music used in morning assemblies at the palace and adopted Chinese gagaku music, the scores of which are recorded in the Annals of King Sejong. He is called one of the three great musical masters of Korea, along with Wang Sanak of Goguryeo and Uruk of Silla, and is highly acclaimed alongside the contemporary scientist Chiang Young-sil. [Yoshida Mitsuo]

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1378‐1458
朝鮮，李朝の音楽家，官僚。字は担夫，号は蘭渓。密陽の人。1411年，文科に及第し，位は正二品芸文館大提学に至る。1427年，自作の黄鐘と編磬（へんけい）によって十二律の音階を完成して楽制を整え，31年，宮廷の朝会に使用した郷楽を廃して中国の雅楽を採用し，その楽譜が《世宗実録》に残る。高句麗の王山岳，新羅の于勒（うろく）とともに朝鮮の三楽聖と呼ばれ，同時代の科学者蔣英実と並び称される。【吉田光男】

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