Pang Jū shì (English spelling)

Japanese: 龐居士 - ほうこじ（英語表記）Páng jū shì

?‐815
A Buddhist from the Tang Dynasty in China. His name was Yun. He was from Hengzhou (Hengyang, Hunan Province). He studied Zen with Mazu and Shitou and received a certificate, but did not become a monk. In his later years, he lived with his family on Lumen Mountain in Xiangyang, where he started a Zen movement. Along with Fu Dashi of the Liang Dynasty, he is known as the Vimalakirti of the East. He had many dialogues with Zen monks, and these, along with 300 verses, were compiled into a collection of sayings early on. It is said that this was compiled by the Jiedoshi Yu Qi. During the Song Dynasty, as Zen Buddhism gained the trust of scholar-officials, it became a theme for ink painting and literature, and the meaning of layperson expanded, leading to a transformation in the biography of Pang Layman.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

？‐815
中国，唐代の仏教者。名は蘊。衡州(湖南省衡陽)の人。馬祖と石頭に参禅して，印可を得るが，出家せず，晩年は家族と襄陽の鹿門山に住み，禅風を起こす。梁の傅（ふ）大士とともに，東土の維摩とよばれる。禅僧との問答が多く，その偈頌（げじゆ）300首とあわせて，早くより語録としてまとめられた。これは節度使于頔（うてき）の編と伝える。　宋代，禅宗が士大夫の信を得るとともに，水墨や文学のテーマとなり，居士の意味が拡大して，龐居士の伝記が変貌する。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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