Verdun (English spelling)

Japanese: ベルダン(英語表記)Verdun
Verdun (English spelling)
A town in the Meuse department in northeastern France. It is located on the Meuse River. Its origins lie in a Celtic fortress. It was a key transportation point, and commerce developed there from Gallo-Roman times. In the 4th century, a bishopric was established. It later became part of the Frankish Kingdom, and in 843, the three grandsons of Charles the Great signed the Treaty of Verdun here, dividing the kingdom into thirds. In the 10th century, it became part of Germany, forming the Tri-bishopric with Tours and Metz. In 1552, Henry II occupied the Tri-bishopric, and it became part of France, but it was not until the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 that it was officially recognized as part of France. In 1792, it was occupied by the Prussian army. It was occupied by the Prussian army again from 1870 to 1873, and in 1916, during World War I, a fierce battle between the German and French armies continued for a long period from late February to mid-September. This is known as the Battle of Verdun. Even today, many people visit the ruins of the fortress and the monuments. The town is the center of the surrounding agricultural region, and has small-scale industries such as textiles, printing, furniture manufacturing, and confectionery. There is an 11th century cathedral and a military museum. Population 23,427 (1990).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
フランス北東部,ムーズ県の町。ムーズ川沿岸に位置する。ケルト人の要塞が町の起源。交通の要地にあたり,ガロ・ローマ時代から商業が発展。4世紀には司教座がおかれた。のちフランク王国領となり,843年には,カルル大帝の3人の孫が王国を3分するベルダン条約をここで結んだ。 10世紀にはドイツ領となり,ツール,メス (メッツ) とともに3司教領を形成。 1552年にはアンリ2世が3司教領を占領し,以後フランス領となったが,フランス帰属が正式に承認されたのは 1648年のウェストファリア条約によってである。 1792年,プロシア軍により占領。 1870~73年にもプロシア軍に占領されたが,さらに第1次世界大戦中の 1916年には2月下旬から9月中旬までの長い間,ドイツ,フランス両軍により大激戦が続けられた。ベルダン会戦として知られる。現在も要塞跡,記念碑などを訪れる者が多い。町は周辺の農業地区の中心で,工業は繊維,印刷,家具製造,製菓など小規模。 11世紀の大聖堂,軍事博物館などがある。人口2万 3427 (1990) 。

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