An explosive that decomposes easily and reaches its maximum detonation speed when a very small amount of energy is applied. Primary explosives include lead phosphate, lead azide, and diazodinitrophenol. Primary explosives are loaded into industrial detonators, gun detonators, fuses, etc., and are used to ignite and detonate surrounding gunpowder and explosives by detonating them with energy from heat, impact, friction, etc. Compound primary explosives include fulminates, diazo compounds, azides, and nitro compounds and heavy metal salts, but most of these contain heavy metals such as mercury and lead in their molecules. However, in actual use, potassium chlorate is mixed in to make up for the oxygen deficiency of compound primary explosives, increasing their explosive power and making them cheaper; these are called mixed primary explosives. In any case, they are extremely sensitive to handling, so special care is required in their manufacture, handling, transportation, and storage. Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition |
きわめてわずかなエネルギーを加えることにより,容易に分解を起こし,最高爆速に達する爆薬.雷コウ,アジ化鉛,ジアゾジニトロフェノールなどは起爆薬に属する.起爆薬は工業用雷管,銃用雷管,信管などにより装填して熱,衝撃,摩擦などのエネルギーにより起爆させることにより,その周囲にある火薬,爆薬を点火,点爆させるために用いられる.起爆薬のうち,化合物起爆薬には,雷酸塩,ジアゾ化合物,アジ化物,ニトロ化合物重金属塩などがあるが,これらはおおむね水銀,鉛などの重金属を分子内に含有するものが多い.ただし,実際の使用にあたっては化合物起爆薬の酸素不足を補うために,塩素酸カリウムを混合し,爆力を強くし,しかも価格を安価にするといった方法がとられているが,こういうものを混合起爆薬という.いずれにしても,取り扱い感度がすこぶる鋭敏であるから,その製造,取り扱い,運搬,貯蔵には特別の注意を要する. 出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報 |
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