Hummel - Johann Nepomuk Hummel

Japanese: フンメル - ふんめる(英語表記)Johann Nepomuk Hummel
Hummel - Johann Nepomuk Hummel

Austrian composer and pianist. Born on November 14th as the son of a musician in Pressburg (now Bratislava), he showed signs of being a child prodigy from an early age. At the age of eight, he went to Vienna and became Mozart's apprentice. He studied composition under Albrechtsberger and Salieri, and from 1788 to 1793, he toured England and Denmark with his father. In London, he studied under Clementi. From 1804 to 1811, he served as the court conductor of Eisenstadt, succeeding Haydn, and was a highly active pianist during the Congress of Vienna in 1814 and 1815. After serving as the court conductor of Stuttgart (1816-19), he became the court conductor of Weimar during the Goethe era and was a sensation, dying there on October 17, 1837. He wrote "How to Play the Piano" (1828) and was the greatest piano teacher before Czerny. His piano playing, characterized by melodic ornamentation and improvisation, connected Mozart and Chopin. He left behind many works in the classical style.

[Ryuichi Higuchi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

オーストリアの作曲家、ピアノ奏者。11月14日、プレスブルク(現ブラチスラバ)の音楽家の息子として生まれ、幼少から神童ぶりを発揮した。8歳のときウィーンに進出、モーツァルトの内弟子になることができた。アルプレヒツベルガーとサリエリにも作曲を師事し、1788~93年、父とともにイギリス、デンマークに演奏旅行。ロンドンではクレメンティに学んでいる。1804~11年、ハイドンの後任としてアイゼンシュタットの宮廷楽長を務めたが、14~15年のウィーン会議のときにはピアニストとして大活躍した。シュトゥットガルトの宮廷楽長(1816~19)を経て、ゲーテ時代のワイマールの宮廷楽長として一世を風靡(ふうび)し、37年10月17日、同地で世を去った。『ピアノ奏法』(1828)を著した彼は、チェルニー以前のもっとも偉大なピアノ教師であり、旋律的装飾と即興演奏に特色のあるピアノ演奏は、モーツァルトとショパンをつなぐものであった。古典派様式の多数の作品を残している。

[樋口隆一]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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