Retz, Jean-François-Paul de Gondi, Cardinal de

Japanese: レス（英語表記）Retz， Jean-François-Paul de Gondi， Cardinal de

Born: September 19, 1613, Montmirail, Marne
Died August 24, 1679. French clergyman and writer. Appointed auxiliary bishop of Paris at a young age, he played an important role as the leader of the anti-Mazarin faction during the Fronde. He plotted all sorts of schemes to rebel against the monarchy, and after the Fronde ended, he was captured by J. Mazarin (1652) and imprisoned in the castles of Vincennes and Nantes, but escaped and fled. After various schemes, he was appointed cardinal by Pope Innocent X, and thereafter called himself Cardinal of Les. After the death of his uncle, Archbishop of Paris J. Gondi (54), he succeeded him through a deputy. After Mazarin's death, he reconciled with King Louis XIV, and in exchange for the Archbishopric of Paris, he received many priestly interests, including the abbotship of the Abbey of Saint-Denis. He left behind a book of memoirs (1717) about the Fronde period.

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Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1613.9.19. マルヌ，モンミライユ
[没]1679.8.24. パリ
フランスの聖職者，文筆家。若くしてパリ補佐司教に任命され，フロンドの乱においては反マザラン派の首謀者となって重要な役割を果した。王権に反抗するためのあらゆる策謀をめぐらし，騒乱終了後 J.マザランに捕えられて (1652) ，バンセンヌ，次いでナントの城に投獄されたが，脱獄して逃亡。その後，種々工作して教皇インノケンチウス 10世より枢機卿に任命され，以後レス枢機卿と称した。また叔父のパリ大司教 J.ゴンディの死 (54) とともに，代理をおいてその職を継いだ。マザランの死後，国王ルイ 14世と和解し，パリ大司教職と交換にサン・ドニ修道院院長など多くの聖職利権を得た。フロンドの乱時代の『回想録』 Mémoires (1717) を残した。