Fumihiko Haku - Bungenhaku

A politician from the Northern Song Dynasty in China. He was born in Jiexiu, Fenzhou (Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province). He is also known as Wen Lu Gong. He is considered a great minister during the reign of Emperor Renzong (reigned 1022-63) along with Han Qi, Fan Zhongyan, Ouyang Xiu, and Fu Bi. In addition to his success in dealing with Western Xia, he also succeeded in reducing the major problem of excess military personnel, and in 1055 he served as prime minister together with Fu Bi. He was impeached and transferred to a local post, but he wielded great power due to his contribution to the support of the fifth emperor, Yingzong. It was Wen Yibo who recommended Wang Anshi, but when Wang Anshi was appointed during the sixth emperor, Shenzong, he was unfortunate because he opposed the new laws. He returned to power when the old laws were restored in 1886 and played an important role as a senior statesman, but retired in 1890. His reputation changes with the political situation, and his name is engraved on the Genyu Party Membership Monument even after his death, but he is renowned as a great minister who served four emperors: Injong, Yeongjong, Shenzong, and Cheoljong. He has 40 volumes of "Collection of Wenlu Gong's Writings."

[Hiroshi Ihara]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、北宋(ほくそう)の政治家。汾州介休(ふんしゅうかいきゅう)（山西省介休県）の出身。文潞公(ぶんろこう)ともいわれる。韓琦(かんき)、范仲淹(はんちゅうえん)、欧陽修(おうようしゅう)、富弼(ふひつ)らとともに仁宗（在位1022～63）期の名臣とされる。西夏(せいか)対策で功をあげたほか、大問題であった兵員過剰の整理に成功し、1055年には富弼とともに宰相として政治にあたった。弾劾にあって地方官に転任することもあったが、第5代皇帝英宗の擁立に功があり権勢を振るった。王安石を推薦したのは文彦博であったが、第6代皇帝神宗のときに王安石が登用されると、新法に反対して不遇であった。86年、旧法の復活時には返り咲き、元老として重きをなしたが、90年に退官した。没後も元祐(げんゆう)党籍碑に名を刻されるなど、政局の推移によって評価が変わったりするが、仁宗、英宗、神宗、哲宗の4代に仕えた名臣として名高い。『文潞公文集』40巻がある。

［伊原　弘］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例