Among the constitutional provisions that guarantee the rights of citizens, those that do not actually have legal force, but merely indicate political and moral goals and guidelines that the state should strive to realize. This idea was devised to deal with the gap between reality and the ideals of the constitution under the Weimar Constitution, which was in a hurry to pursue ideals while ignoring socio-economic reality. Since the Japanese Constitution guarantees the right to life (Article 25), the right to education (Article 26), and the right to work (Article 27), a theory emerged that these provisions should be considered program provisions, and there was debate over this, but recently a critical theory has become more popular. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
国民の権利を保障する憲法規定のなかで現実に法的効力をもたず,国家に対しその実現に努めるべき政治的,道義的目標と指針を示すにすぎないもの。このような考え方は,社会経済的実態を無視して理想を求めるに急であったワイマール憲法下において,現実と憲法の理想とのギャップを処理すべく案出されたものである。日本国憲法では,生存権 (25条) ,教育を受ける権利 (26条) ,勤労の権利 (27条) を保障したことから,それらの規定はプログラム規定とみるべきだという説が登場し,それをめぐって議論されたが,近時それを批判する説が有力になっている。
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