Born: July 16, 1801, Elberfeld Died May 22, 1868. Bonn German physicist and mathematician. After studying at the Universities of Heidelberg, Berlin, and Paris, he became a private lecturer (1825) and associate professor (28) at the University of Bonn. His famous "Development of Analytical Geometry" (2 volumes, 28-31) was written based on his lectures at Bonn. In 1829, he published the concept of rectilinear geometry, which states that the basic elements of geometry can be straight lines instead of points, and developed the duality principle based on this idea. He was a professor of mathematics at the University of Halle (34) and again at the University of Bonn (36). In the 1940s, he turned to physics research and took up the concurrent post of professor of physics at the University of Bonn (47). He discovered that when an electric current is passed through a Geissler tube, the fluorescent light emitted from its inner wall changes position in a magnetic field, and published a detailed paper on it in 1858. This was the first step in modern physics toward the discovery of small particles. F. Klein had been an assistant to Plücker at the University of Bonn. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1801.7.16. エルベルフェルト [没]1868.5.22. ボン ドイツの物理学者,数学者。ハイデルベルク大学,ベルリン大学,パリ大学に学んだのち,ボン大学の私講師 (1825) ,員外教授 (28) 。ボン大学での講義に基づいて有名な『解析幾何学の展開』 (2巻,28~31) が書かれた。 1829年に幾何学の基本要素は,点ではなくて,直線としてもよい,という直線幾何学の概念を発表し,この考えに基づいて双対原理を展開した。ハレ大学の数学教授 (34) ,再びボン大学の数学教授 (36) 。 40年代に入ると物理学の研究に転じ,ボン大学物理学教授 (47) を兼任。ガイスラー管に電流を通すとき,その内壁から出るケイ光が,磁界内で位置を変化することを発見,58年に詳細な論文を発表した。これは微粒子の発見に向けての,現代物理学の第1歩となった。 F.クラインはボン大学でプリュッカーの助手をしたことがある。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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