This gate is considered the symbol of Berlin, the capital of Germany. It is 26m high, 65.5m wide, and 11m deep, and is made of sandstone. It faces the east side of Pariser Platz, and if you go east through the Brandenburg Gate, you will pass Unter den Linden and reach Berlin Palace (Berlin Palace). Berlin was once a walled city with 18 gates. The Brandenburg Gate was one of them, and although the walls and gates were demolished in 1868, it remained as the only exception. The gate's name comes from the fact that there was a gate on the road leading to Brandenburg, the former capital of Prussia. This gate was designed by architect Carl Gotthard Langhans as an ancient Greek-style gate by order of Prussian King Frederick William II, and was constructed over a period of three years starting in 1788. It was modeled after the Propylaea Gate at the entrance to the Acropolis in Athens, and on top of the gate is a sculpture of Victoria, the goddess of victory, riding on a four-horsed chariot called a "Quadriga." When Germany was divided into East and West and Berlin was also divided into East and West, the Brandenburg Gate was located on the western border of East Berlin and was a dead end where no one could go any further, but with the unification of East and West Germany, it was able to fulfill its role as a gate. For this reason, the Brandenburg Gate is said to be a symbol of the unification of East and West Germany. Source: Kodansha World Tourist Attractions Encyclopedia Information |
ドイツの首都ベルリン(Berlin)のシンボルとされている門。高さは26m、幅は65.5m、奥行きは11mで、砂岩でできている。◇パリ広場の東に面していて、ブランデンブルク門を通って東に進むと、ウンターデンリンデンを経て、ベルリン王宮(ベルリン宮殿)に至る。かつてのベルリンは都城都市で、城壁がめぐらされ、18ヵ所の城門があった。ブランデンブルク門はその一つで、1868年に城壁と城門は取り壊されたが、唯一例外として残った。この門の名称は、かつてプロイセンの首都が置かれていたブランデンブルクに通じる道に門があったことによる。この城門は、プロイセン王フリードリヒ・ヴィルヘルム2世の命により、建築家カール・ゴットハルト・ラングハンスが古代ギリシア風の城門として設計し、1788年から3年間かけて建設した。アテネのアクロポリスの入り口にあったプロピュライアの門をモデルにしていて、門の上には「クアドリガ」と呼ばれる四頭立ての馬車に乗った勝利の女神、ビクトリアの彫刻がある。東西ドイツに分かれ、ベルリンも東と西に分割されていた時代には、ブランデンブルク門は東ベルリンの西の境界にあり、それ以上先に進めない行き止まりとなっていたが、東西ドイツの統一で、門としての役割が果たせるようになった。このため、ブランデンブルク門は東西ドイツ統一の象徴といわれている。
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