A revolution occurred in October 1789 in the Austrian Netherlands. Inspired by the French Revolution, citizens of Brabant cities rebelled against the radical Enlightenment reforms implemented in the Netherlands by Austrian Emperor Joseph II. The rebels defeated the Austrian army in street fighting, liberating Ghent, Bruges, and Brussels, and in January 1790 the Three Estates General declared independence and created the "United States of Belgium." The revolution subsequently failed due to the split between conservative and radical factions on the revolutionary side, the compromised accession of Leopold II to the throne, and the intervention of the great powers, and Belgium was annexed by France in 1795. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
オーストリア領ネーデルラントで 1789年 10月に起った革命。オーストリア皇帝ヨーゼフ2世がネーデルラントで行なった急進的な啓蒙主義的改革に対して,フランス革命に刺激されたブラバント諸都市の市民が反乱を起した。反乱側は市街戦によってオーストリア軍を破り,ヘント,ブリュッヘ,ブリュッセルを解放して勝利を収め,90年1月全国三部会は独立を宣言し「ベルギー合州国」をつくった。そののち,革命側の保守派と急進派への分裂,妥協的なレオポルド2世の皇帝即位,列強の介入により革命は失敗し,95年フランスに併合された。
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