The vibration of charged particles that make up plasma. It was discovered by I. Langmuir in 1928. Plasma is made up of electrons and positive ions, and when the density of each is uniform, no space charge is generated, but if an unevenness occurs for some reason, a positive or negative space charge is generated and an electric field is induced. The electrons and ions are subjected to the force from this electric field and begin to move in a way that will eliminate the uneven density, but due to inertia they go too far and create uneven density again, repeating the cycle. The vibration of electrons is called electron plasma vibration, and the vibration of ions is called ion plasma vibration. If the number of electrons per cm3 is expressed as ne , the electron plasma frequency fpe is in hertz. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
プラズマを構成している荷電粒子の振動。 1928年に I.ラングミュアによって発見された。プラズマは電子と正イオンとで構成されており,それぞれの密度が均一のときは空間電荷を生じないが,もしなんらかの原因によって不均一なところができると,正または負の空間電荷を生じ,電場が誘起される。電子とイオンはこの電場から力を受けて,密度の不均一をなくすように運動を始めるが,慣性のために行過ぎ,再び密度の不均一を生じて,これを繰返す。電子の振動を電子プラズマ振動,イオンの振動をイオンプラズマ振動という。 1cm3あたりの電子数を ne で表わすと,電子プラズマ振動数 fpe は ヘルツである。
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