Praxiteles

Japanese: プラクシテレス - ぷらくしてれす(英語表記)Praxiteles
Praxiteles

Date of birth and death unknown. Ancient Greek sculptor. Born in Athens to the sculptor Cephisodos. Active from 370 to 330 BC. He displayed outstanding skill in marble sculpture, producing graceful and elegant statues of gods, creating the "graceful style" of the late classical period, and becoming the most outstanding sculptor of the 4th century BC Attic school. According to ancient documents, around 350 BC, he received orders for statues of Aphrodite (Venus) from Knidos and the island of Kos in Asia Minor, and created a nude statue for the former and a clothed statue for the latter. The former was the first monumental statue depicting the goddess completely naked (a Roman copy is in the Vatican Museum), and its graceful pose became the prototype for subsequent depictions of nude women. In addition, "Hermes holding the infant Dionysus" (unearthed in Olympia in 1877, Olympia Archaeological Museum) is a valuable work that conveys his feminine and sweet style, although there is some debate as to whether it was originally created by him or a copy. In addition, there are several other Roman copies of works attributed to him, such as "Apollo Slaying a Lizard" (Vatican Museum) and "Satiros" (Capitoline Museum, Rome).

[Masaaki Maeda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

生没年不詳。古代ギリシアの彫刻家。彫刻家ケフィソドスを父にアテネに生まれた。活躍期は紀元前370年から前330年ごろ。彼は大理石の彫像に卓抜な技量を示し、優美で気品のある神像を制作し、古典後期の「優美な様式」を創造、前4世紀アッティカ派のもっとも優れた彫刻家となった。古代の文献によれば、彼は前350年ごろ、小アジアのクニドスとコス島からそれぞれアフロディテ(ビーナス)像の注文を受け、前者には裸体像、後者には着衣像を制作、前者は女神を全裸で表現した最初のモニュメンタルな像(ローマ時代の模刻がバチカン美術館にある)で、その優美な姿態は以後の女性の裸体表現の原形となった。また、幼児ディオニソスを抱く「ヘルメス」(1877年にオリンピアで出土。オリンピア考古博物館)は、彼の原作説と模刻説が問題とされるが、女性的な甘美な彼の様式を伝える貴重な作品である。このほか「トカゲを殺すアポロン」(バチカン美術館)、「サティロス」(ローマ、カピトリーノ美術館)など、彼に帰せられる幾点かの作品がローマ時代の模刻で残されている。

[前田正明]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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