Chartres - Chartres (English spelling)

Japanese: シャルトル - しゃるとる(英語表記)Chartres
Chartres - Chartres (English spelling)

The capital of the Eure-et-Loir department in north-central France. Population 40,361 (1999). It is located 96 km southwest of Paris, on a plateau facing the Eure River, a tributary of the Seine. It is the center of the Beauce region, and has livestock and grain markets. Industrialization has progressed mainly in the electronics, machinery, perfume, and pharmaceutical industries. In the Middle Ages, it belonged to the Blois and Champagne families and became a countship, and during the reign of Francis I (1528), it became a dukedom. In 1146, Saint Bernard advocated the Second Crusade here. During the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453), it was occupied by the English for 15 years from 1417. During the religious wars, it resisted Protestant attacks. In 1594, Henry IV ascended to the throne here. It was heavily damaged during World War II. Chartres Cathedral, known as one of the finest Gothic cathedrals in France, is the seat of the bishop and has been a long-standing pilgrimage site.

[Nobuo Takahashi]

[References] | Chartres Cathedral
Cityscape of Chartres
An ancient city that was a county in the Middle Ages and a dukedom during the reign of Francis I. The old townscape remains along the Eure River, which flows north and south to the east of the city. Chartres, France ©Masashi Tanaka ">

Cityscape of Chartres

Chartres Cathedral
This is a representative French building that retains the characteristics of the transitional period from Romanesque to Gothic style. The photo shows the west facade. The facade, excluding the rose window, and the two north and south towers survived the fire of 1194. The height of the south tower is about 106m, and the north tower about 115m. The three portals (King's Gate) are decorated with sculptures representing "The Birth of Christ," "The Ascension of Christ," and "The Glory of Christ." World Heritage Site "Chartres Cathedral" (France, registered in 1979) Chartres, France ©Masashi Tanaka ">

Chartres Cathedral


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランス中北部、ウール・エ・ロアール県の県都。人口4万0361(1999)。パリの南西96キロメートル、セーヌ川支流のウール川に面した台地に位置する。ボース地方の中心地で、家畜、穀物の市場がある。電子、機械、香水、製薬の各工業を中心として工業化が進む。中世にはブロア家、シャンパーニュ家に所属して伯爵領となり、フランソア1世時代に公爵領となった(1528)。1146年、聖ベルナールにより第二次十字軍がこの地で唱導された。百年戦争(1337~1453)中の1417年以後15年間はイギリスの占領下にあった。宗教戦争の際は新教徒の攻撃に抵抗。1594年、アンリ4世はこの地で即位した。第二次世界大戦中は大きな被害を受けた。フランス有数のゴシック様式として知られるシャルトル大聖堂には司教座が置かれ、古くからの巡礼地となっている。

[高橋伸夫]

[参照項目] | シャルトル大聖堂
シャルトルの町並み
中世には伯爵領、フランソア1世時代には公爵領であった古都。町の東を南北に流れるウール川沿いには、古い町並みが残る。フランス シャルトル©Masashi Tanaka">

シャルトルの町並み

シャルトル大聖堂
ロマネスクからゴシック様式への過渡期の特徴を残すフランスの代表的建築物。写真は西正面。バラ窓を除く正面と南北二つの塔は、1194年の火災の際にも難を逃れた。南塔の高さは約106m、北塔は約115m。三つの扉口(王の門)には、「キリスト誕生」「キリスト昇天」「栄光のキリスト」を表す彫刻が施されている。世界文化遺産「シャルトル大聖堂」(フランス・1979年登録) フランス シャルトル©Masashi Tanaka">

シャルトル大聖堂


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