[What kind of disease is it?] It is a disease that literally causes the patient to perform dancing movements. The hands, feet, and face may make short, irregular movements that sometimes appear purposeful. The most common chorea is Huntington's chorea, but there are other types as well. All other types of chorea are collectively called chorea syndromes. ■ Huntington's disease It was first reported by American physician Huntington in 1872. It is hereditary and develops after the age of 30. In addition to the hands, feet, and face moving against one's will (without the intention of moving them), symptoms of dementia, hallucinations and delusions may appear, and mental symptoms such as irritability and agitation, and personality disorders may also appear. Until these symptoms appear, there is nothing abnormal and the person can live a normal life. It has been designated as a specific disease (incurable disease) by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, and treatment costs are subsidized by public funds. ■ Chorea syndrome There are various types of chorea other than Huntington's disease, but the most common is Sydenham's chorea, which occurs in children under the age of 15. After suddenly becoming angry, the person may begin to make wiggling movements of the hands, legs, and trunk (torso), and may also frown. Symptoms often appear about six months after a streptococcal infection, so it is thought that infection is the trigger. Symptoms usually subside or disappear within a few months. [Treatment] Both Huntington's and Symptoms of Chorea are controlled with benzodiazepine tranquilizers. If this does not work, a small amount of the neuroleptic haloperidol may be used. Source: Shogakukan Home Medical Library Information |
[どんな病気か] 文字どおり、踊りを踊るようなしぐさをする病気です。 手、足、顔などが不規則に短く動きますが、意図的に動かしているようにみえることもあります。 代表的な舞踏病はハンチントン舞踏病ですが、それ以外の舞踏病もあります。ハンチントン舞踏病以外は、まとめて舞踏病症候群といいます。 ■ハンチントン舞踏病(ぶとうびょう) 1872年にアメリカの医師、ハンチントンが最初に報告しました。遺伝性で、発症するのは30歳以降です。 自分の意志に反して(動かそうと思わないのに)、手、足、顔面が動くほか、認知症の症状と幻覚・妄想(もうそう)がみられ、さらに怒りっぽくなったり、興奮したりといった精神症状、人格障害が現われます。 これらの症状が現われるまでは、異常はみられず、ふつうの人と同じような生活を送ることができます。 厚労省の特定疾患(とくていしっかん)(難病(なんびょう))に指定され、治療費は公費から補助されます。 ■舞踏病症候群(ぶとうびょうしょうこうぐん) ハンチントン舞踏病以外の舞踏病もいろいろありますが、代表的なものは小舞踏病(しょうぶとうびょう)(シデナム舞踏病(ぶとうびょう))で、15歳以下の子どもにおこります。 急に怒りっぽくなった後、手、足、体幹(たいかん)(胴体)などにくねったような動きが出現し、しかめっ面もみられます。 レンサ球菌(きゅうきん)の感染後半年くらいで症状が出ることが多いので、感染がきっかけとなっていると考えられています。 ふつう、数か月以内で症状が軽くなるか、消失します。 [治療] ハンチントン舞踏病も小舞踏病も、ベンゾジアゼピン系のトランキライザー(精神安定剤)で症状を抑えます。これで抑えられないときは、神経抑制薬のハロペリドールを少量使用することもあります。 出典 小学館家庭医学館について 情報 |
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