Fukushima Basin - Fukushima basin

Japanese: 福島盆地 - ふくしまぼんち

A basin in the middle reaches of the Abukuma River in northern Fukushima Prefecture. It is a graben basin surrounded by the Ou Mountains to the west and the Abukuma Highlands to the east, narrowing in the center and forming a cocoon-like shape. The maximum elevation of the bottom of the basin is about 40m. Large and small alluvial fans have developed on the west side. The Abukuma River flows through it from the south to the northeast, creating a wide floodplain in the northeast, and there are S-shaped flood plains and river lakes near Yanagawa and Hobara. The Matsukawa alluvial fan spreads in the southwest, but the area is generally low and flat. It has a continental climate, with large differences in temperature between summer and winter. There are remains of the jori system on the floor of the basin, and many new rice fields were developed during the Uesugi domain in the first half of the 17th century. Industry developed from the end of the Edo period, mainly sericulture, but mechanization was delayed. After World War II, the hosiery industry moved into the northeastern part of the basin. Pears are cultivated in the Matsukawa alluvial fan, apples in Segami and Date, peaches in Fushiguro and Kamihobara, and vegetables in Okabe. The center of cultivation is Fukushima City.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

福島県北部，阿武隈川の中流部にある盆地。西は奥羽山脈，東は阿武隈高地に囲まれた地溝盆地で，中央部が狭く形は繭状。盆地底の最高高度は約 40m。西側に大小の扇状地が発達。阿武隈川が南から北東方向に貫流，北東部に広い氾濫原をつくり，梁川，保原付近には，S字状の氾濫跡や河跡湖もある。南西部には松川扇状地が広がるが全般に低平。大陸性気候で，夏冬の気温の差が大きい。盆地床には条里制の遺構があり，17世紀前半上杉領の頃，多くの新田が開発された。幕末から養蚕業を中心に産業が発展したが，機械化は遅れた。第2次世界大戦後，盆地北東部にメリヤス産業が進出した。松川扇状地ではナシ，瀬上，伊達ではリンゴ，伏黒，上保原ではモモ，岡部では野菜の栽培が盛ん。中心は福島市。

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