This is a type of addition reaction to unsaturated bonds, but the product is a cyclic compound. For example, when ethylene is exposed to light, two molecules react to give cyclobutane, as shown in formula (1). Many such reactions are known, and they are important reactions for synthesizing cyclic compounds. Cycloaddition also occurs between dienes and unsaturated compounds such as alkenes and ketones, giving six-membered ring products under heating conditions (formula (2)). Among such reactions, when a C=C bond is involved, it is called the Diels-Alder reaction (or diene synthesis) after the name of its discoverer. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
不飽和結合に対する一種の付加反応であるが,生成物が環式化合物となる場合をいう。たとえば,エチレンは光をあてると式(1)のように2分子が反応してシクロブタンを与える。このような反応は多数知られており,環式化合物を合成する重要な反応である。付加環化はジエンとアルケン,ケトンなどの不飽和化合物との間でも起こり,加熱条件下で6員環生成物を与える(式(2))。このような反応のうちC=C結合が関与する場合には発見者の名前にちなんで,ディールス=アルダー反応(またはジエン合成)と呼ばれている。
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