Italian film director. Born on January 20th in Rimini, a small city facing the Adriatic Sea. After working as a cartoonist, caricaturist, radio scriptwriter, and gag writer, he turned to film scriptwriting. In 1942, he married actress Giulietta Masina (1923-1994) (who later appeared in many of Fellini's films). After World War II, he played a key role in Italian films during the neorealist period, collaborating with director Rossellini and others. As a director, he had already introduced entertainers, one of his later motifs, in The Lights of the Vaudeville Hall (1950, co-director), but it was not until his next film, The White Sheik (1952), that he stepped out on his own. His film "A Portrait of a Youth" (1953) won an award at the Venice Film Festival for its depiction of lazy youths in a provincial town who are unable to leave their homes spiritually, but it was his film "La Strada" (1954) that made him an international director. After being recognized as a humanist with "La Strada," he stirred up controversy by depicting the decadence of modern Rome and the powerlessness of religion in "La Dolce Vita" (1960), but in "8½" (1963) he strongly demonstrated his talent as a "fantasy writer." Since then, he has created unique images in each of his films, such as the female fantasy world "Julietta" (1965), the urban fantasy "Fellini's Rome" (1972), and the poetic fantasy of his hometown "Amarcord" (1974), becoming one of the most distinctive directors of our time. Other films include "The Cliff" (1955), "Nights of Cabiria" (1957), "Satyricon" (1969), "Pagliacci" (1970), "Casanova" (1976), "The City of Women" (1980), "Like the Ship Sails" (1983), and "The Voice of the Moon" (1990). [Kenji Iwamoto] Documents List of Director's Works Luci del varietà (1950) [co-directed with Alberto Lattuada] "Reading Fellini: The world is filled with the rich memories of a boy, edited by Iwamoto Kenji (1994, Film Art Co.)" ▽ "I Am a Film, new revised edition, by Fellini, translated by Iwamoto Kenji (1995, Film Art Co.)" ▽ "Fellini, by John Baxter, translated by Mukuda Naoko (1996, Heibonsha)" ▽ "Fellini on Fellini, edited by Costanzo Costantini, translated by Nakajo Seihei and Nakajo Shiho (1997, Kinema Junposha)" ▽ "Fellini: Film and Life, by Tullio Kezici, translated by Oshiba Yasushi (2010, Hakusuisha)" [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリアの映画監督。1月20日アドリア海に面した小都市リミニに生まれる。漫画や似顔絵かき、ラジオの台本書き、ギャグライターなどを経て映画のシナリオに手を染める。1942年、女優のジュリエッタ・マシーナGiulietta Masina(1923―1994)と結婚(のちに彼女はフェリーニの多くの作品に出演)。第二次世界大戦後、ロッセリーニ監督ほかへの協力で、ネオレアリズモ期のイタリア映画の一翼を担うことになった。監督としては『寄席(よせ)の灯(ひ)』(1950、共同監督)ですでに後のモチーフの一つである芸人たちを登場させているが、一本立ちは次作『白い酋長(シーク)』(1952)からである。『青春群像』(1953)では、精神的巣立ちができない地方都市の「のらくら」青年たちを描いてベネチア国際映画祭で受賞したが、彼の名が国際的になったのは『道』(1954)によってである。『道』でヒューマニズムの作家と受け取られた彼は『甘い生活』(1960)で現代ローマの退廃と宗教の無力を描き論争を巻き起こしたが、『8½』(1963)では「幻想の作家」としての資質を強く打ち出した。以後、女性の夢想世界『魂のジュリエッタ』(1965)、都市のファンタジー『フェリーニのローマ』(1972)、故郷への詩的幻想『アマルコルド』(1974)など一作ごとに独特の映像を創造し、現代のもっとも個性的な監督の一人となった。ほかに『崖(がけ)』(1955)、『カビリアの夜』(1957)、『サテリコン』(1969)、『道化師』(1970)、『カサノバ』(1976)、『女の都』(1980)、『そして船は行く』(1983)、『ボイス・オブ・ムーン』(1990)など。 [岩本憲児] 資料 監督作品一覧寄席の灯[アルベルト・ラトゥアーダとの共同監督] Luci del varietà(1950) 『岩本憲児編『フェリーニを読む――世界は豊穣な少年の記憶に充ちている』(1994・フィルムアート社)』▽『フェリーニ著、岩本憲児訳『私は映画だ』新装改訂版(1995・フィルムアート社)』▽『ジョン・バクスター著、椋田直子訳『フェリーニ』(1996・平凡社)』▽『コスタンツォ・コスタンティーニ編著、中条省平・中条志穂訳『フェリーニ・オン・フェリーニ』(1997・キネマ旬報社)』▽『トゥッリオ・ケジチ著、押場靖志訳『フェリーニ――映画と人生』(2010・白水社)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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