The Sound and the Fury

Japanese: 響きと怒り - ひびきといかり(英語表記)The Sound and the Fury
The Sound and the Fury

A full-length novel by American author Faulkner. One of the Yoknapatawpha stories. Completed in October 1928, it was published the following October after being passed around from publisher to publisher. The first three parts consist of monologues by the three Compson siblings in Jefferson, a fictional town in Yoknapatawpha County, and the fourth part is an objective one. The collapse of an old southern family is vividly depicted through the life of Caddy, the only daughter who lost her virginity, was married off to another man for the sake of the family name, was divorced, separated from her children, and was not accepted by her family. The unusual structure and method used to achieve this highlight the woman who is not accepted by society, that is, the very existence of a human being suspended in reality. The narrator of the first part, Benji, is an idiot, but by following his confused stream of consciousness, the image of his sister Caddy and the meaning of her death are brought into sharp relief. The monologue of the older brother Quentin, who commits suicide, indicates the collapse of intelligence, while that of the realistic second brother Jason stands in ironic contrast to real society, and the human image of Dilsey, an old black woman who appears in the final chapter - the only sane person in the story of the ruined house of madness, living a life of love and faith - powerfully suggests what should continue afterwards.

Furthermore, the experimental nature of the work's expressive techniques (stream of consciousness, four chronologically reversed chapters, objective multi-dimensional depiction, and clever use of text) are being re-evaluated among post-structuralist critics.

[Kenzaburo Ohashi]

"The Sound and the Fury" translated by Masao Takahashi (Kodansha Bunko)

[References] | Faulkner

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカの作家フォークナーの長編小説。ヨクナパトーファ物語の一つ。1928年10月に完成、出版社をたらい回しになったあげく翌年10月に出版された。架空の町ヨクナパトーファ郡ジェファソンのコンプソン家3人兄弟の独白からなる第1~3部に、客観的な第4部が加わる。処女を失い、家名のため他の男に嫁がされ、離婚されたあげく、子供から引き離され、家からも受け入れられない一人娘キャディの生き方を軸に、南部の旧家の崩壊が鮮やかに描かれる。そのために用いられた奇抜な構成と方法は、社会に受け入れられない女性、すなわち現実のなかで宙づりになった人間存在そのものを浮かび上がらせている。第一部の語り手ベンジーは白痴だが、彼の混乱した意識の流れをたどることによって、かえって姉キャディのイメージとその死の意味がくっきり浮き彫りにされる。自殺する兄クェンティンの独白は知性の崩壊を、現実的な次兄ジェーソンのそれは現実社会との皮肉な対照を、最終章に登場する黒人老婆ディルシー――狂気の滅びの家の物語のなかで、ただ一人正常で、愛と信仰に生きる――の人間像は、そのあとに持続してゆくべきものを力強く暗示する。

 なお、この作品の表現技法の実験性(意識の流れ、時間的に転倒した四つの章、客観的な多元描写、文字表現のくふうなど)は、構造主義以降の批評家の間で新しく見直されようとしている。

[大橋健三郎]

『高橋正雄訳『響きと怒り』(講談社文庫)』

[参照項目] | フォークナー

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