A dihydric phenol. It is also called hydroquinone or quinol. The name hydroquinone means that it has a composition of quinone with two hydrogen atoms. Catechol and resorcinol are isomers with different positions of the hydroxyl group -OH. Its molecular formula is C 6 H 6 O 2 and its molecular weight is 110.1. In the past, it was produced by oxidizing aniline to p (para)-benzoquinone, which was then reduced with sulfurous acid, but now it is produced from benzene and propylene using the diisopropylbenzene method. This method produces both hydroquinone and resorcinol ( m (meta)-dihydroxybenzene) ( ). It is a colorless needle-like crystal. It dissolves well in hot water, ethanol (ethyl alcohol), and ether, but only 5.8 grams per 100 milliliters of cold water. It has reducing properties, especially in alkaline aqueous solutions. It is used as a photographic developer and antioxidant. It is a quasi-drug and is used in creams and ointments, but it is suspected of being carcinogenic, so it is restricted to use it at concentrations of more than 2%.[Mr. Hirota July 21, 2015] [Reference item] | |©Shogakukan "> Diisopropylbenzene method [Diagram] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
二価フェノールの一つ。ハイドロキノン、キノールともよばれる。ヒドロキノンの名は、キノンに水素(2原子)がついた組成をもつことを意味している。カテコールやレゾルシンはヒドロキシ基-OHの位置が異なる異性体である。分子式C6H6O2、分子量110.1。 以前はアニリンを酸化してp(パラ)-ベンゾキノンにしたのちに、亜硫酸により還元して製造していたが、現在ではベンゼンとプロピレンからジイソプロピルベンゼン法により製造している。この方法では、ヒドロキノンとレゾルシン(m(メタ)-ジヒドロキシベンゼン)の両方ができる( )。無色の針状結晶。熱水、エタノール(エチルアルコール)、エーテルなどにはよく溶けるが、冷水には100ミリリットルに対して5.8グラムしか溶けない。還元性をもち、とくにアルカリ性水溶液は還元性が強い。写真現像剤、酸化防止剤としての用途をもつ。医薬部外品であり、クリーム・軟膏(なんこう)として使われているが、発癌(はつがん)性が疑われていて、2%以上の高濃度の配合は制限されている。[廣田 穰 2015年7月21日] [参照項目] | |©Shogakukan"> ジイソプロピルベンゼン法〔図〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Hydroxylation - hydroxylation
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