The ratio of a charged particle's charge e to its mass m , e / m , is called the specific charge. When a charged particle moves due to the force of an electric or magnetic field, it is characterized by the value of its specific charge. J. J. Thomson of England determined the specific charge of the particles that make up cathode rays (i.e., electrons) by measuring the deflection of cathode rays by electric and magnetic fields. Since this specific charge does not change even when various materials are used as the cathode, he predicted that this particle is one of the universal elements that make up matter. The current value of the specific charge of an electron is - e / m = 1.758820 x 1011 coulombs/kg. [Shuzo Ogawa and Tsuneo Uematsu] [Reference] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
荷電粒子について、その電荷eとその質量mとの比、e/mを比電荷という。電場や磁場の力を受けて荷電粒子が運動するとき、それは比電荷の値によって特徴づけられる。イギリスのJ・J・トムソンは、陰極線を構成する粒子(すなわち電子)について、電場および磁場による陰極線の偏向を測定して、比電荷を求めた。陰極にする物質をいろいろかえてもこの比電荷が変わらないことから、この粒子が物質を構成する普遍的要素の一つであることを予測したのである。電子の比電荷の現在の値は [小川修三・植松恒夫] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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