This law, based on the Gibbs' (Willard Gibbs) phase rule, determines the number of mineral species that can coexist in metamorphic rocks. It was used by Goldschmidt [Goldschmidt: 1911] and later extended by Korzinski. (1) Goldschmidt's mineralogical phase rule [Goldschmidt: 1911]; The temperature and pressure in the Earth's crust are determined by external conditions and vary depending on the part of the crust. Therefore, if the combinations of minerals that commonly occur over a wide range are considered to be formed in a closed system in chemical equilibrium, the degree of freedom must be two or more. Therefore, the maximum number of coexisting mineral species is equal to the number of independent components in the system. This law is expressed as p = c + 2- f , where p is the number of coexisting phases, c is the number of components, and f is the degree of freedom. (2) Korzhinskii's mineralogical phase rule [Korzhinskii: 1936, 1959]: if metamorphic rocks are open systems, not only the temperature and pressure but also the chemical potentials of the mobile components vary in different parts of the crust. Therefore, the maximum number of minerals that can coexist in equilibrium is equal to the number of independent components of the system minus the number of mobile components, i.e., the number of fixed components. Source: Asakura Publishing Dictionary of Petrology Information |
変成岩の中に共存する鉱物の種数をギブス(Willard Gibbs)の相律に基づいて規定する法則で,ゴールドシュミットが使用し[Goldschmidt : 1911],その後コルジンスキーにより拡張された.(1) ゴールドシュミットの鉱物学的相律[Goldschmidt : 1911] ; 地殻内の温度や圧力は外的条件によって決まり,地殻内の部分によって異なる.そこで,広範囲に普通に出現する鉱物の組合せは,閉じた系の化学平衡状態で生成されると見なす場合には,自由度が2またはそれ以上にならなければならない.したがって,共存する鉱物種の最大の数は,その系の独立成分の数に等しい.この法則はp=c+2-fと表され,pは共存する相の数,cは成分の数,fは自由度である.(2) コルジンスキーの鉱物学的相律[Korzhinskii : 1936, 1959] ; 変成岩が開いた系である場合には,温度と圧力だけでなく移動性成分の化学ポテンシャルも地殻内の部分によって異なる.したがって,平衡に共存する鉱物の最大の数は,その系の独立成分の数から移動性成分の数を引いた値,すなわち固定性成分の数に等しい. 出典 朝倉書店岩石学辞典について 情報 |
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