Rhombic planthopper

Japanese: ヒシウンカ - ひしうんか(英語表記)rhombic planthopper
Rhombic planthopper

A general term for insects in the family Cixiidae, order Hemiptera, suborder Homoptera, class Insecta, and family Cixiidae, and one of these. Cixiidae are similar to Delphacidae, but differ in that they lack movable spurs at the tips of their hind leg tibiae, have slightly wider heads, and do not protrude forward. There are three vertical ridges on the face, one on each side and in the center, and sometimes a third ocelli is present on the central ridge. The forewings are often transparent, but often have dark areas, and the wing veins are fine and complex. The pronotum is narrow and the mesothorax is large, giving it a diamond shape, hence the name. Many species are known to live in tropical and subtropical regions, and about 35 species are known to be native to Japan.

The Japanese planthopper, Pentastiridus apicalis, is a relatively large species measuring 6-8 mm from the wing tip, with a light brown body, although the males darken somewhat. The tips of the male's forewings are dark in colour. It inhabits grasses such as reeds, and the bodies of the larvae are covered in a white waxy secretion and can be found in colonies under stones in damp places. Adults appear in July and August. It is distributed in Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu.

[Masami Hayashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

昆虫綱半翅(はんし)目同翅亜目ヒシウンカ科Cixiidaeの昆虫の総称、およびそのなかの1種。ヒシウンカ科はウンカ科に似ているが、後脚脛節(けいせつ)先端に可動距(けづめ)を欠き、頭幅がやや広く、とくに前方に突出しないなどの点で異なる。顔上の縦隆起線は両側と中央に3本あり、ときには中央隆起線上に3個目の単眼をもつことがある。前翅は透明のことが多いが、しばしば暗色部をもち、翅脈は細かく複雑である。前胸背は狭く、中胸背は大きく、菱(ひし)形を呈するのでこの名がある。熱帯、亜熱帯地方に多くの種が知られ、日本産は約35種が知られている。

 ヒシウンカPentastiridus apicalisは、翅端まで6~8ミリの比較的大形の種で、体は淡褐色であるが、雄では多少とも暗化する。雄の前翅翅端部は暗色となる。アシなどのイネ科植物に生息し、幼虫は体が白蝋(はくろう)分泌物で覆われ、湿った所の石の下などに群生することがある。成虫は7、8月に出現する。本州、四国、九州に分布する。

[林 正美]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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