Coal tit (English spelling)

Japanese: ヒガラ(日雀) - ヒガラ（英語表記）coal tit

A passerine bird of the tit family (illustration). Total length is about 11 cm. It is the smallest of the Japanese tit family. It has a short crest, black head and throat, and white cheeks and neck. The undersides are also white. Its upperparts are gray-blue, and it has two white bands on its wings. During the breeding season, it lives in subalpine coniferous forests and mixed forests of deciduous and coniferous trees. Males perch on the tops of tall trees and sing a rapid, repeated 'tsutsupin tsutsupin'. They nest in natural tree holes in May and June, building dish-shaped nests out of moss.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

スズメ目シジュウカラ科の鳥（イラスト）。全長約11cm。日本のシジュウカラ科の鳥の中ではもっとも小さい。短い冠羽をもち，頭上とのどが黒く，ほおと後頸（こうけい）は白色。下面も白い。上面は灰青色で，翼には2本の白帯がある。繁殖期には亜高山帯の針葉樹林や落葉樹と針葉樹の混交林にすみ，雄は高木のこずえに止まり，ツツピンツツピンと早口に繰り返してさえずる。5～6月に，天然の樹洞を巣孔とし，コケ類を使って皿形の巣をつくり営巣する。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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