Bando-ryu

A style of Japanese dance.

(1) Bando School The founder of the school was the kabuki actor Bando Mitsugoro III, and the head of the school has been called Mitsugoro for generations. There have been 10 generations so far. The third generation was a master of the Bunka and Bunsei eras (1804-1830), and competed with Nakamura Utaemon III, who was from Kamigata-kudari, and brought about the rise of Henge dance. The school is characterized by its Edo flavor, such as "Yamagaeri" (Going Back from the Mountain) and "Kairaishi" (Puppet Master). The school had a second home in Eikigashi, Fukagawa, and so it retained a style known as "Eikiburi". The fourth generation, who lived in the late Edo period, was an adopted son of the third generation, and one of the works that premiered was the well-known "Sanja Matsuri (Sanja Festival)." The 7th generation, who lived from the Taisho to Showa era, was taught by Nakamura Shikan the 4th generation, and is a master of modern times on a par with Onoe Kikugoro the 6th generation. He worked to establish the style by gathering people with the surname Bando, who had been scattered. The school produced many Kyogen performers (women who were invited to the Ooku or feudal lords' houses to perform kabuki and dance, and also taught dance to the children of townspeople), including Mitsue, a senior disciple of the 3rd generation, and has had little contact with the entertainment world since then. The 8th generation was known for his eagerness to research, and after his sudden death, there was a splintering of the school, but his son-in-law, Bando Minosuke the 7th generation, succeeded him as the 9th generation. After the death of the 9th generation, his eldest son, Bando Yasosuke the 5th generation, succeeded him as the 10th generation. One of the schools that emerged from the Bando school is the Katsumi school.

(2) Momoha Bando-ryu: This school was established in the late Edo period by Bando Momoyo, a disciple of Bando Mitsugoro III. Momoyo continued as the representative for three generations, and the name of the head of the school, Momokazu (who succeeded him in 1918), remains in the school. In 1995, the school introduced a board of directors system, with Momotoyo (1923-2001) as its chairman. After her death, Momozo (1937-) took over as chairman in 2002.

[Kisaragi Aoko]

"The Tenth Generation Bando Mitsugoro" by Bando Mitsugoro (2000, Japan Broadcasting Publishing Association)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

日本舞踊の流派。

(1)坂東流　歌舞伎(かぶき)役者3世坂東三津五郎(みつごろう)を流祖とし、家元名は代々三津五郎。現在まで10世を数える。3世は文化・文政(ぶんかぶんせい)期（1804～30）を代表する名手として、上方(かみがた)下りの3世中村歌右衛門(うたえもん)と競い、変化(へんげ)舞踊の隆盛を招いた。『山帰り』『傀儡師(かいらいし)』など江戸の味を特色とする。深川の永木河岸(えいきがし)に別宅があったことから「永木ぶり」とよばれる風を残した。幕末の4世は3世の養子で、初演した作品のなかに周知の『三社祭』がある。大正～昭和の7世は4世中村芝翫(しかん)の教えを受け、6世尾上(おのえ)菊五郎と並ぶ近代の名人。離散していた坂東姓を名のる人々を集めて流儀の確立に努めた。当流には3世の高弟三津江(みつえ)をはじめ、お狂言師（大奥や大名家に招かれ歌舞伎や舞踊を演じる女性で、町家の子女にも舞踊を教えた）を多く出し、その後も花柳界との接触が薄い。8世は研究心旺盛(おうせい)で知られ、彼の急死後、分裂騒ぎがあったが、8世の女婿(じょせい)7世坂東簑助(みのすけ)が9世を継いだ。9世の死後は長男の5世坂東八十助(やそすけ)が10世を継いだ。坂東流から出た流派の一つに勝見(かつみ)流がある。

(2)百々派坂東流(ももはばんどうりゅう)　3世坂東三津五郎の門弟坂東百々代(ももよ)が幕末にたてた一派。代表者として百々代が3代続き、その後、家元百々一(ももかず)（1918年継承）の名が残っているが、1995年（平成7）理事制をしき、百々豊(ももとよ)（1923―2001）が理事長となった。彼女の没後、2002年に百々三(ももぞう)（1937―　）が理事長に就任した。

［如月青子］

『坂東三津五郎著『十代目坂東三津五郎』（2000・日本放送出版協会）』

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