Bread (English spelling)

Japanese: パン（英語表記）bread

This is a type of bread made by baking wheat flour or rye flour dough that is kneaded with water and then soaked in carbon dioxide to make the dough leaven. Its history is long, with records of wheat bread being made as early as the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt (c. 2494-2345 BC). It is said to have been brought to Japan by the Portuguese in 1543 along with firearms. After Kimuraya and Bunmeiken began selling it in 1872, it gradually became popular among the general public. The name comes from the Spanish word pan and the Portuguese word pão (meaning "food"). There are two methods of making bread: fermented and unfermented. Fermented bread is made by fermenting the dough with baker's yeast (yeast bacteria) and letting the carbon dioxide gas produced leaven the dough, and the unique aroma and flavor are produced by the products of the fermentation process. Unfermented bread is made by letting the dough leaven with the carbon dioxide gas produced by baking powder, and is easy to make.

bread
Pan

A half-human, half-beast god in Greek mythology. He was the god of pastoralism, originating in Arcadia, but worshipped throughout Greece, and in Rome was identified with Faunus. Bearded, with a bizarre face and two horns on his forehead, and with the lower body of a goat, he was named Pan, which means "all" in Greek, because his funny appearance delighted all the gods when he was taken to Olympus by his father immediately after birth. Another version says that he was given this name because he was the child born to Penelope during Odysseus's absence from adulterous relations with all of her suitors. He was extremely lustful, and would fall in love with nymphs and beautiful boys and chase them, and if they escaped, he would indulge in masturbation and bestiality, and was also believed to cause "panic."

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

小麦粉またはライ麦粉に水を加えてこね上げてできる生地を焼いた食品のうち，炭酸ガスを含ませて組織を膨化させたものをいう。その歴史は古く，すでにエジプト第5王朝 (前 2494頃～2345頃) 時代に小麦パンをつくった記録がある。日本には天文 12 (1543) 年にポルトガル人によって鉄砲とともに伝えられたといわれる。明治5 (1872) 年に木村屋，文明軒が売出してから，次第に一般に好まれるようになった。名称はスペイン語の pan，ポルトガル語の pão (「糧」の意) から出ている。製法には発酵法と無発酵法とがある。発酵パンは，パン酵母 (イースト菌) で発酵させ，発生する炭酸ガスでパン生地をふくらませたもので，発酵過程の生産物によって独特の芳香，風味が生じる。無発酵パンは，ベーキングパウダーから発生する炭酸ガスでパン生地をふくらませたもので，製法が簡単である。

パン
Pan

ギリシア神話の半人半獣神。牧畜の神で，アルカディア起源だが，ギリシア全土で崇拝され，ローマではファウヌスと同一視された。ひげもじゃで，額に2本の角のある怪異な面貌と，やぎの下半身をもち，一伝ではヘルメスの子で，生後すぐ父にオリュンポスに連れていかれたとき，こっけいな姿がすべての神々の心を楽しませたので，ギリシア語で「すべて」を意味するパンという名をつけられたという。別伝では，ペネロペイアがオデュッセウスの留守中に，すべての求婚者と不倫な関係を結び生んだ子であるので，この名を与えられたともいわれる。すこぶる好色で，ニンフや美少年に恋しては跡を追いかけ，逃げられると自慰や獣姦にふけるとされ，また「恐慌 (パニック) 」を引起すとも信じられた。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Panathenaea Festival - Panathenaisai

>>: Barn - barn (English spelling)