The New Year's festival of Athens in ancient Greece. It is also called the Panathenaea. Panathenaea means "Great Festival of the Goddess Athena" and was the largest festival in Athens. There was the Great Panathenaea, held every 4 years, and the Minor Panathenaea, held every year, both of which lasted for more than 4 days around the 28th day of the first month of Athens, Hekatombaion (corresponding to present-day July or August), which is said to be the birthday of the goddess Athena. The main events of this festival, which was attended by Athenian dignitaries including the archons, citizens, young people, and girls, were a lavish procession, the sacrifice of sheep and cows, and various sports. At dawn after the eve of the 27th night, a sacred fire was brought from the Akademus forest on the outskirts, and a procession of citizens, elders, cavalry, and musicians, as depicted in the reliefs of the Parthenon, set off for the Acropolis. Many sacrificial animals were offered to the gods, their meat distributed to the citizens in the agora, and the winner of the chariot race was awarded a jar bearing the image of Athena, filled with oil from the sacred olive tree. [Nobuyuki Maezawa] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
古代ギリシアのアテネ(アテナイ)の新年祭。パナテナイア祭ともいう。パンアテナイアPanathenaiaとは「アテネ女神の大祭典」の意味で、アテネ最大の祭典であった。4年目ごとの大パンアテナイア祭と、毎年行われる小パンアテナイア祭とがあり、いずれもアテネの第1月ヘカトンバイオン月(現在の7、8月にあたる)の、アテネ女神生誕の日とされている第28日を中心に前後4日以上続いた。アルコンをはじめとするアテネの高官や、市民、若者、少女たちが参加したこの祭りの中心は、豪華な行列と、羊・牛などの供犠(くぎ)、そして各種の競技である。第27日夜の前夜祭後の夜明けとともに郊外のアカデモスの森から聖火がもたらされ、パルテノン神殿の浮彫りに描かれたような市民、長老、騎馬隊、奏楽隊などの祭列がアクロポリスに向けて出発した。そして多数の犠牲獣が神々に捧(ささ)げられ、その肉はアゴラで市民に分配された。また戦車競走の優勝者には、神聖なオリーブ樹から採取された油を詰めた、アテネ女神の描かれた壺(つぼ)が与えられた。 [前沢伸行] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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