A language spoken mainly by Hawaiians in the Hawaiian Islands. There were once about 100,000 speakers, but now it is estimated that there are about 200 speakers. Place names such as Honolulu and Waikiki, and everyday phrases such as Aloha (hello, goodbye) and Mahalo (thank you) are widely used in modern Hawaiian society. In recent years, interest in Hawaii has increased, and it is heard on television, so the number of speakers is on the rise. It belongs to the Polynesian languages of the Austronesian and Oceanian languages, and is particularly related to the languages of Tahiti, Marquesas, Tuamotu, and Maori (New Zealand). The vowels are a, e, i, o, and u, and the consonants are h, k, l, m, n, p, w, and ' (the glottal stop in words such as Hawai'i). Syllables are open syllables ending in a vowel. Vowels can be long or short. Word stress is usually on the penultimate syllable. Tense, aspect, case relations, etc. are often expressed by particles placed before verbs and nouns. The basic word order is "verb + subject + object". Example: Ua lawe Kāua i Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ハワイ諸島で主としてハワイ人により使用される言語。話者は、かつては約10万人、現在は推定約200余人である。Honolulu, Waikikiのような地名や、Aloha(こんにちは、さようなら), Mahalo(ありがとう)などの日常語句が、現代ハワイ社会で広く使用されている。近年とくに人々の関心が高まり、放送での使用も聞かれ、使用者数は増加の傾向にある。オーストロネシア語族、オセアニア語派のポリネシア諸語に属し、タヒチ、マルケサス、ツアモツ、マオリ(ニュージーランド)の諸言語ととくに関係が深い。母音はa,e,i,o,u、子音はh,k,l,m,n,p,wおよび‘(Hawai‘iなどの語にある声門閉鎖音)である。音節は母音で終わる開音節。母音には長短の別がある。語強勢は普通、末尾から二番目の音節にある。時制、相、格関係などは、多くの場合、動詞、名詞に前置される小詞で表される。基本的語順は「動詞+主語+目的語」である。 例: Ua lawe Kāua i 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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