Hawaii [State] - Hawaii

Japanese: ハワイ[州] - ハワイ

A US state located almost in the center of the North Pacific Ocean. Abbreviations: Hawaii, HI. Located between 18°56′ and 22°25′ north latitude, Hawaii consists of eight main islands: Hawaii, Maui, Lanai, Molokai, Oahu, Kauai, Niihau, and Kahoolawe, and over 120 small islands to the northwest. A volcanic island chain with many volcanoes and two national parks. It is in the tropics, but has a pleasant oceanic climate all year round. The population is concentrated on the seven main islands (Kahoolawe Island is uninhabited). 33% of the population is white, and over 60% are Asians, such as Japanese, Filipino, and Chinese (1990). Of the native Hawaiians, about 140,000 live in Hawaii, and about 70,000 live in other states (1990). The first wave of Japanese immigrants arrived in 1868. During the Pacific War, many people found themselves in difficult situations between their homeland and the United States, where they immigrated. The main agricultural products are sugarcane and pineapples, but flowers, coffee, and bananas are also produced, and most of the products are exported to the US mainland market. Agricultural mechanization is progressing. Industry is centered on agricultural product processing, mainly sugar refining and canned goods, but the manufacture of clothing such as aloha shirts and muumuus is also growing. Tourism is an important industry, and the number of tourists is increasing dramatically, especially on Oahu and Hawaii Island. It is also a strategic military location, and is home to the base of Pearl Harbor, which was attacked by the Japanese military in 1941. In 1778, Cook, the first Westerner to arrive, named the Sandwich Islands. At the time, the indigenous people were divided into four kingdoms and were in conflict with each other, but in 1810, King Kamehameha the Great unified the islands and established the Kingdom of Hawaii, which lasted until 1893. After the abdication of the last Queen, Liliuokalani, the state became a republic in 1894, but was annexed by the United States in 1898 and joined the Commonwealth in 1959. The state capital is Honolulu. Area is 16,635 ^km2 . Population is 1,419,561 (2014).
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

北太平洋ほぼ中央部にある米国の州。略称Ha.，HI。北緯18°56′〜22°25′に分布するハワイ，マウイ，ラナイ，モロカイ，オアフ，カウアイ，ニイハウ，カホーラウェの主要８島と，北西方に分布する120以上の小島からなる。火山島列で，多くの火山を有し，二つの国立公園がある。熱帯にあるが海洋性で一年中快適な気候。住民は主要７島（カホーラウェ島は無住）に集中する。33％が白人，60％以上が日本，フィリピン，中国といったアジア系の住民である（1990）。先住のハワイ人のうち，ハワイ在住者は約14万人で，他州に約７万人がいる（1990年）。日系移民の第一陣が移住したのは1868年。太平洋戦争中は祖国と移住先の米国との間で多くの人びとがつらい状況におかれた。　農産の主体はサトウキビとパイナップルで，花卉(かき)，コーヒー，バナナの産もあり，米国本土市場への移出が多い。農業の機械化が進んでいる。工業は農産加工が中心で，製糖，缶詰などが主であるが，アロハ・シャツ，ムームーなどの衣料品製造も伸びつつある。観光は重要産業でオアフ島，ハワイ島を中心に観光客の増加はめざましい。また軍事上の要地で，1941年に日本軍が奇襲したパール・ハーバー（真珠湾）の基地がある。　1778年西欧人としては初めてクックが来航，サンドウィッチ諸島と命名。当時先住民は４王国に分かれて対立していたが，1810年カメハメハ大王が全島を統一してハワイ王国が成立し，1893年まで同王国が継続。最後の女王リリウオカラニが退位して1894年共和国となったが，1898年米国に併合され，1959年連邦加入。州都ホノルル。１万6635km²。141万9561人（2014）。
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