Barranquilla (English spelling)

Japanese: バランキヤ（英語表記）Barranquilla

The capital of Atlantico State in northwestern Colombia. A port city located on the left bank of the Magdalena River, about 20 km upstream from the mouth of the river that flows into the Caribbean Sea. Although it is an old town founded in 1629, a sandbar at the mouth of the river prevented communication with the open sea, and for a long time it was in the shadow of the prosperity of the Caribbean ports of Santa Marta and Cartagena and had little importance. It began to develop after it became the starting point for steamships that sailed on the river in the mid-19th century, and was later connected by rail to the outer port of Puerto Colombia, about 20 km to the west. In the 1930s, the mouth of the river was dredged, allowing ocean-going ships to enter the port directly, and it developed rapidly, becoming the number one port in the country. After World War II, river traffic declined somewhat, and land traffic flourished. The port was overshadowed by the development of Buenaventura, a Pacific coastal port connected to the interior by rail and road. However, it is still one of the country's major ports, mainly shipping coffee, natural gas, and oil from the interior, and cotton from the surrounding areas. In recent years, it has also developed significantly as an industrial city, with industries such as textiles, beverages, food, cement, shoemaking, clothing, and chemical products. The city is home to the University of Atlantico (1941) and the Norte University (66). There is a main road connecting Santa Marta and Cartagena, and an international airport on the southern outskirts, making it a gateway to Caribbean tourism. Population: 923,788 (1985).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

コロンビア北西部，アトランティコ州の州都。カリブ海に注ぐマグダレナ川の河口から約 20km上流の左岸に位置する港湾都市。 1629年建設の古い町であるが，同川河口部に砂州があって外洋との連絡が妨げられていたため，長い間カリブ海沿岸の港，サンタマルタとカルタヘナの繁栄の陰にあり，ほとんど重要性をもたなかった。 19世紀なかば同川に就航した汽船の起点となってから発展しはじめ，その後西約 20kmの外港プエルトコロンビアと鉄道で結ばれ，さらに 1930年代には河口部が浚渫されて外洋船が直接入港できるようになり，急速に発展，同国第1の港となった。第2次世界大戦後は河川交通がやや衰え，陸上交通が盛んとなったため，鉄道と道路で内陸部と結ばれた太平洋岸の港ブエナベントゥラの発展に押されたが，現在依然として同国の主要港の一つで，おもに内陸部からのコーヒー，天然ガス，石油，周辺地域からの綿花を積出す。近年は工業都市としての発展も著しく，繊維，飲料，食品，セメント，製靴，衣料，化学製品などの工業が立地。市内にはアトランティコ大学 (1941) ，ノルテ大学 (66) がある。サンタマルタとカルタヘナを結ぶ幹線道路が通るほか，南郊に国際空港があり，カリブ海観光の玄関ともなっている。人口 92万 3788 (1985) 。

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