Pallas, Peter Simon

Japanese: パラス（英語表記）Pallas， Peter Simon

Born: September 22, 1741, Berlin
Died September 8, 1811, Berlin. German naturalist. Studied natural sciences and medicine at the universities of Berlin, Halle, Göttingen, and Leiden, but showed an early interest in natural history. In 1761 he traveled to England, where he studied specimen collecting and conducted geological surveys. In 1768 he was appointed professor of natural history at the National Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg, and in the same year he participated in a scientific expedition to Russia and Siberia, collecting a great deal of material and contributing to geology, botany, ethnology, and other fields. He traveled to the Crimea at the end of 1795, but returned to Berlin in 1810. His main works include "Travels through the Russian Provinces" (3 volumes, 1771-76) and "Collection of Historical Documents on the Mongolian People" (2 volumes, 1776-1802).

Pallas
Pallas

A freedman who served the Roman Emperor Claudius I. He held great power as financial secretary and gained notoriety for his wealth and arrogant personality. He was devoted to Agrippina the Younger, the mother of the future Emperor Nero, and is said to have been her secret lover. After the execution of Claudius' wife Messalina, he successfully recommended Agrippina as the new emperor, and even had Nero adopted as the emperor. However, after Nero ascended to the throne, he was removed from power along with Agrippina, and was finally executed by Nero for his enormous wealth.

Pallas
Pallas

The second asteroid. Discovered by Wilhelm Olbers in 1802. It has a diameter of about 520 km and an orbital period of 4.61 years. Its average apparent magnitude at opposition is 7.6.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1741.9.22. ベルリン
[没]1811.9.8. ベルリン
ドイツの博物学者。ベルリン，ハレ，ゲッティンゲン，ライデンの各大学で，自然科学，医学を学んだが，早くから博物学に興味を示した。 1761年イギリスに渡り，採集を勉強し，地質調査を行なった。 68年サンクトペテルブルグの国立科学アカデミーの博物学教授に任命され，同年ロシアとシベリアへの科学的探検に参加し，多くの資料を集め，地質学，植物学，民族学などに貢献した。 95年末クリミアにおもむいたが 1810年ベルリンに戻った。主著『ロシア各地への旅行』 Reisen durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen Reichs (3巻，1771～76) ，『モンゴル民族に関する歴史的資料の収集』 Sammlungen historischer Nachrichten über die mongolischen Völkerschaften (2巻，76～1802) 。

パラス
Pallas

ローマ皇帝クラウディウス1世に仕えた解放奴隷。財政秘書官として実権を握り，その富と傲慢な性格のため悪名を得た。のちの皇帝ネロの母アグリッピナ (小) には献身的で，その秘密の愛人であったともいわれ，クラウディウス帝の妃メッサリナの処刑後，アグリッピナを妃に推薦して成功，さらにネロを帝の養子にさせた。しかしネロの即位後，アグリッピナとともに権力の座より退けられ，ついにその莫大な富のためにネロによって処刑された。