Franz von Papen

Japanese: パーペン（英語表記）Papen， Franz von

Born: October 29, 1879, Werl, Westphalia
Died: May 2, 1969. Born in Baden, Oberzasbach. German politician and diplomat. Military background. Served as military attaché at the US embassy during World War I until 1915. At the end of the war, served as chief of staff of the Turkish 4th Army. After the war, entered politics, and from 1921 to 1932 was a member of the Prussian provincial parliament, belonging to the far-right wing of the Centre Party. In June 1932, he was prime minister, and in July of the same year, he dissolved the Prussian Social Democratic government and took up the post of governor-general of Prussia himself. In December, he was forced to resign under pressure from Defense Minister K. Schleicher, and became close to the Nazis. In January 1933, he formed A. Hitler's cabinet and became deputy prime minister. In 1934, he was transferred to Austria as ambassador, and worked towards the Anschluss (the German-Austrian unification). In 1939, he became ambassador to Turkey, and worked towards its neutrality during World War II. He was found not guilty at the Nuremberg Trials (→International Military Tribunal) in October 1946, but was sentenced to eight years' hard labor at the denazification trial in February 1947. He appealed and was released in 1949. He has written a memoir, Der Wahrheit eine Gasse (1952).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1879.10.29. ウェストファーレン，ウェルル
[没]1969.5.2. バーデン，オーバーザスバハ
ドイツの政治家，外交官。軍人出身。第1次世界大戦中，1915年までアメリカ大使館付き武官。大戦終結時はトルコ第4軍参謀長。戦後政界に入り，21～32年プロシア州議会議員，中央党極右派に所属。 32年6月首相，同7月にはプロシアの社会民主党政権を解体，みずからプロシア総督を兼任。 12月国防相 K.シュライヒャーの圧力で辞職を余儀なくされてナチスと接近，33年1月 A.ヒトラー内閣を成立させ副首相となった。 34年オーストリア駐在大使に転出，独墺合併 (アンシュルス ) に努力。 39年トルコ駐在大使となって第2次世界大戦中，その中立化に努力した。 46年 10月のニュルンベルク裁判 (→国際軍事裁判 ) では無罪となったが，47年2月の非ナチ化裁判で8年の労働刑を宣告され，抗告の結果，49年釈放。『回想録』 Der Wahrheit eine Gasse (1952) がある。

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