Hanawadai Shell Mound

Shell mounds and settlement remains from the early Jomon period are located in Hayaohanadai, Tone Town, Kitasoma County, Ibaraki Prefecture. The site is on a plateau facing south of the Tone River, and beneath the shell layer are the remains of pit dwellings from the early Hanawadai period. Excavations in 1946 and 1948 unearthed five square pit dwellings, Jomon pottery, clay figurines, clay weights, stone arrowheads, ground stone axes, bone arrowheads, yams, fishhooks, and pendants made from conch shells. The Hanawadai-style pottery from the middle early period is a deep bowl with a pointed bottom with twisted thread patterns, feather-shaped rope patterns, no patterns, and concave line patterns, and is classified into Type I and Type II. The shell mound contains a mixture of freshwater corbicula, clams, and arkfish, as well as fish bones of black porgy and rays, indicating that the sea level had risen and the area around Hanawadai was the mouth of the Tone River.

[Tobishi Shunbu]

"The Stone Age of Kanto by Itaru Yoshida (1973, Yuzankaku Publishing)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

茨城県北相馬(きたそうま)郡利根(とね)町早尾塙台(はやおはなわだい)にある縄文時代早期の貝塚・集落跡。利根川に南面する台地上に立地する地点貝塚群があり、貝層下に早期花輪台式期の竪穴(たてあな)住居址(し)群がある。1946年（昭和21）、48年の発掘で、方形の竪穴住居址五軒と縄文土器、土偶、土錘(どすい)、石鏃(せきぞく)、磨製石斧(せきふ)、骨鏃(こつぞく)、やす、釣り針、イモガイ製垂飾品(すいしょくひん)が出土している。早期中葉の花輪台式土器は撚糸文(よりいともん)、羽状縄文と無文、凹線(おうせん)文の尖底(せんてい)深鉢で、Ⅰ式とⅡ式に分類されている。貝塚は淡水産のヤマトシジミにハマグリ、サルボウを混じえ、クロダイ、エイの魚骨もあり、海進が進み花輪台付近が利根川河口であったことを示す。

［十菱駿武］

『吉田格著『関東の石器時代』（1973・雄山閣出版）』

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