Happu Kaido - Happu Kaido

Japanese: 八風街道 - はっぷうかいどう

A highway crossing the Suzuka Mountains connecting Omi Province and Ise Province, also called Happu Pass, Tabika Pass, and Nikko Pass. It is 11 ri from Omi Echigawa Post Station on the Nakasen Road to the border with Ise, and 7 ri from the border to Ise Kuwana. Along with the Chigusa Highway to the south, it was the main commercial route used by Omi merchants when traveling to Ise in the Middle Ages. It went from Yokaichi in Omi Province, through Myohoji and Yamagami, up the Aichi River, over Happu Pass (938m above sea level), into Ise Province, and passed through Kiribata and Tabika to reach Kuwana. During the Sengoku period, the four Yamakoshi merchants, centered around Honai merchants from Omi, transported goods such as salt, marine products, crafts, paper, and cloth. Honai merchants tried to monopolize traffic on the highway, and often had conflicts with merchants from other places. The dispute over the distribution of Mino paper between Edamura, Aichi County (present Toyosato Town, Shiga Prefecture) in 1558 is well known. In 1526, the renga master Socho and in 1533, Tokitsugu Yamashina crossed the Happu Pass.
→ Related article Chigusa Kaido

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

近江国と伊勢国を結ぶ鈴鹿山脈越えの街道で，八風越・田光(たびか)越・日光越ともよばれた。中山(なかせん)道の近江愛知川(えちがわ)宿から伊勢国境まで11里，国境から伊勢桑名まで７里余。南方の千種(ちぐさ)街道とともに中世には近江商人が伊勢に出る際に通行した主要な商業路であった。近江国の八日市(ようかいち)方面から妙法寺・山上を経て愛知川をさかのぼり，八風峠（標高938m）を越えて伊勢国に入り，切畑(きりばた)・田光を経て桑名方面に至った。戦国期には近江の保内商人を中心とする山越四本商人らが，塩をはじめとする海産物や工芸品・紙・布などの商品を輸送した。保内商人は街道通行の独占を図り，他所の商人としばしば相論が起こった。1558年に愛知(えち)郡枝村（現滋賀県豊郷町）との間に起こった美濃紙の流通をめぐる相論はよく知られる。なお1526年に連歌師宗長，1533年に山科言継が八風峠を越えている。
→関連項目千草街道

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