Peter Hacks

German playwright. Born in Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland). In 1955, when his debut work, The Beginning of the Indian Ocean Era, premiered in Munich, he moved to what was then East Germany. Influenced by Brecht, he produced The Battle of Lobositz (1956) and The Mill at the Palace of Calamity (1958), which dealt with historical themes dialectically from a modern perspective. He was asked to write contemporary plays, but wrote Anxiety and Power (1960) and Moritz Tasso (1965), which were criticized by the party for going too far in highlighting the contradictions within the country. After that, he advocated post-revolutionary dramatization and escaped into classical and entertainment themes. He produced many technically excellent works, such as Conversations with Absent Mr. Goethe at the Stein House (1976), as well as adaptations of classics (Goethe and Aristophanes). He continued to produce prolific works after German unification, but there were not as many new productions as there were before unification. In addition to works such as "Haffner and the Musk Rat" (1993), "Prince Telemaque and his Tutor Mentor" (1997), "The King, the Clown and the Crocodile" (1998), and "The Flea Market" (2001), he has also published literary essays, poetic treatises, and poetry collections.

[Tatsuji Iwabuchi]

"Igarashi Toshio's translation of 'Anxiety and Power' (included in 'Modern World Theatre 11', 1971, Hakusuisha)" ▽ "Iwabuchi Tatsuji et al.'s translation of 'Dialogue with the Absent Mr. Goethe in the Stein Family' (1999, Japan Goethe Society)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ドイツの劇作家。ブレスラウ（現ポーランド領ブロツワフ）生まれ。デビュー作『インド洋時代の開始』がミュンヘンで初演された1955年、当時の東ドイツに移住。ブレヒトの影響を受けて、歴史的題材を現代の立場から弁証法的に扱った『ロボジッツの戦い』（1956）、『無憂宮の風車屋』（1958）を発表、現代劇執筆の要請を受けて書いた『憂慮と権力』（1960）や『モリッツ・タッソー』（1965）は、国内の矛盾をつきすぎたため党から批判され、以後は革命後の劇作法を提唱し、古典的、娯楽的なテーマに逃避した。『シュタイン家における不在のゲーテ氏との対話』（1976）など、技巧的に優れた数多くの作品や古典の改作（ゲーテやアリストファネス）を発表した。ドイツ統一後も多作だが、統一前ほど新作の上演は多くなかった。『ハフナー、ジャコウネズミ』（1993）、『テレマック王子と教育係メントール』（1997）、『国王、道化、ワニ』（1998）、『蚤(のみ)の市』（2001）などの作品のほかに文学論、詩論、詩集などを発表した。

［岩淵達治］

『五十嵐敏夫訳『憂慮と権力』（『現代世界演劇11』所収・1971・白水社）』▽『岩淵達治他訳『シュタイン家における不在のゲーテ氏との対話』（1999・日本ゲーテ協会）』

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