A traffic volume survey of people's movements. It serves as basic information for formulating urban transportation plans. The survey method involves investigating the daily movements of people in the target area, including the starting point, end point, means of transportation used, and purpose for each trip (a trip is when one person moves from one place to another to achieve some purpose). It was first conducted in the Takaoka area of Toyama Prefecture in 1963, and was systematized in the Hiroshima metropolitan area in 1967. Since then, it has been conducted in metropolitan areas across the country, including the three major cities. Survey methods include (1) home visit surveys, where selected survey subjects are visited and asked about their daily activities, (2) business vehicle visit surveys, where the trip patterns of business vehicles in the target area are examined, and (3) mass transit surveys, where the actual use of mass transit such as trains and buses is examined. Cordon line surveys and screen line surveys are also conducted. (→OD surveys) Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
人の移動を対象とした交通量調査。都市交通計画策定の基礎資料とする。調査方法は対象地域の人々の1日の動きを,各トリップ (トリップとは,1人の人がなんらかの目的を達成するために,ある場所から他の場所へ移動すること) ごとに,起点,終点,利用する交通手段,目的などについて調べる。 1963年に富山県の高岡地域で初めて実施され,体系化されたのは 67年の広島都市圏からである。以来三大都市をはじめ,全国都市圏で実施されている。調査方法としては,(1) 家庭訪問調査 抽出した調査対象者を訪問してその人の1日の行動について聞き取る,(2) 営業車訪問調査 対象地域に在籍する営業車のトリップ形態を調べる,(3) 大量輸送機関調査 鉄道やバスなどの大量輸送機関の利用実態を調べる,などがある。あわせてコードンライン調査やスクリーンライン調査も実施される。 (→OD調査 )
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