German Social Democratic politician. Born in Allenstein (now Olsztyn), he worked as a lawyer before becoming a leader of the East Prussian Social Democratic Party. He became chairman of the party in 1911 and a member of the Imperial Diet in 1912, belonging to the Marxist central faction of the party. When World War I broke out in 1914, he gave a speech in favor of war bonds on behalf of the party from the standpoint of a defensive war, but was later expelled from the party for opposing the continuation of the war. In April 1917, he founded the Independent Social Democratic Party and became its chairman. In November 1918, at the time of the German Revolution, he organized the Council of People's Representatives with Ebert, but resigned in December after clashing with the Social Democratic Party. In 1919, he became a member of the National Diet, but was shot by a reactionary and died on November 17 that same year. [Toshio Matsu] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツ社会民主党の政治家。アレンシュタイン(現オルシュチン)に生まれ、弁護士として活動後、東プロイセンの社会民主党の指導者となる。1911年同党議長、1912年帝国議会議員となり、同党のマルクス主義中央派に属した。1914年の第一次世界大戦勃発(ぼっぱつ)の際、防衛戦争の見地から党を代表して戦時公債に賛成する演説を行ったが、のちに戦争の続行に反対して党を除名された。1917年4月、独立社会民主党を結成して議長に就任した。1918年11月、ドイツ革命に際しエーベルトとともに人民代表評議会を組織したが、12月に社会民主党と対立して辞任。1919年国民議会議員となったが、同年反動派の狙撃(そげき)を受け、11月17日死亡。 [松 俊夫] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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