French poet and painter. Born in Lorient, Brittany. Mobilized for World War I in 1914, he was wounded the following year and nursed in Nantes. He met Breton here in 1916, and influenced him through his words and actions, as well as through his personal letters (posthumously published as "Letters in a Time of War"). He died here in early 1919, together with a friend, after smoking a large amount of opium, although it is suspected that he committed suicide. He is considered a forerunner of Surrealism for his humor and dandyism, which were in line with Jarry and others, as well as his taste for early American films. However, he actually left behind almost no works, and should be considered a significant "alter ego" formed within Breton. [Kunio Iwaya] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスの詩人、画家。ブルターニュのロリアンに生まれる。1914年第一次世界大戦に動員されたが翌年負傷し、ナントで看護を受ける。16年にこの地でブルトンと出会い、さまざまな言動と私信(死後に『戦時の手紙』として出版)によってブルトンに影響を与える。19年初頭、当地で1人の友人とともに多量のアヘンを吸飲して死んだが、自殺の疑いもある。ジャリらに連なるユーモアとダンディスムの表現、また初期アメリカ映画などへの嗜好(しこう)の側面で、シュルレアリスムの先駆をなすとされる。しかし実際にはほとんどなにひとつ作品を残しておらず、むしろブルトンの内部に形づくられた意味深い「分身」として位置づけるべき人物であろう。 [巖谷國士] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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