A general term for alloys with low melting points, also known as low melting alloys or fusible alloys. The upper limit of the melting point is not very clear, and it is sometimes set to lead (melting point 327°C) or tin (melting point 232°C). In that case, ordinary solder and type alloys are also included. Generally, multi-component alloys with melting points of about 200°C or less, mainly composed of bismuth, tin, lead, cadmium, etc., are called fusible alloys. Those with melting points of 100°C or less include Lohse's alloy (melting point 100°C), Newton's alloy (melting point 95°C), Wood's alloy (melting point 65°C), and Lipovits' alloy (melting points 72°C and 46.5°C). They are used in safety valves and fuses for fire sprinklers and high-temperature and high-pressure vessels. They are also used in many other fields, such as filler materials for bending thin-walled pipes. [Hiroshi Oikawa and Zenshiro Hara] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
融点の低い合金の総称で、低融点合金あるいは可融合金などともいう。融点の上限をどこに置くかはあまり明瞭(めいりょう)でなく、鉛(融点327℃)あるいはスズ(融点232℃)とすることもある。その場合には普通のはんだや活字合金も含まれる。一般にはビスマス、スズ、鉛、カドミウムなどを主体とした融点約200℃以下の多成分合金を易融合金という。融点が100℃以下のものにはローゼ合金(融点100℃)、ニュートン合金(融点95℃)、ウッド合金(融点65℃)、リポビッツ合金(融点72℃、46.5℃)などがある。火災用スプリンクラーや高温高圧容器などの安全弁、ヒューズに用いられる。そのほか、薄肉管の曲げ加工用充填(じゅうてん)材など多方面で使用されている。 [及川 洪・原善四郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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