Khaidu - Haidu (English spelling)

A nomadic hero who conquered Central Asia during the Mongol Empire, opposing the Yuan Emperor Kublai Khan. His father was the fifth son of Ogedei, Hashi, who was initially supposed to succeed him, and his mother was from the mountain people of Meklin. In 1251, when the new Emperor Mongke executed and exiled influential members of Ogedei's clan and subdivided their territories, he was given the Khayalyk area and began to rise to prominence. In 1260, he did not take any particular action in the war for the throne between Kublai Khan and Arik Buha, and from 1266 he fought with Barak of the Chagatai family, and in 1269, he made an alliance with Mongke and Temur of the Jochi family at Talas and made peace. In 1271, he assassinated Barak, who had failed in an invasion of the Hulagu family's territory, and took the opportunity to incorporate many of the Chagatai family as well as the Ogedei family, and from 1285 onwards, he launched an offensive against Kublai Khan's camp, and also brought the descendants of Arik Buha, who held the Altai region, under his control. He eventually died from wounds sustained in a major battle with the Mongol army, but his kingdom was inherited by Duwa of the Chagatai dynasty through his own merit.

[Masaaki Sugiyama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

モンゴル帝国時代に元(げん)帝フビライと対立し中央アジアを制覇した遊牧民の英雄。父はオゴタイの第5子で、当初後継者とされたハシ、母は山地民メクリンの出身である。1251年新皇帝モンケによりオゴタイ一門の有力者が処刑・流罪され所領は細分されたとき、カヤリク方面を与えられ浮上し始めた。60年フビライとアリク・ブハの帝位継承戦争にはとくに動かず、66年以降チャガタイ家のバラクと争い、69年ジュチ家のモンケ・テムルも加えてタラスに会盟し和睦(わぼく)したが、71年フラグ家領侵略に失敗したバラクを暗殺したのを契機に、オゴタイ一門のほかチャガタイ系の多くも取り込み、85年以降はフビライ陣営に攻勢をかけ、アルタイ地区を所領とするアリク・ブハ裔(えい)も傘下に収めた。元軍との大会戦で負った傷で結局死去するが、彼の王国はチャガタイ家のドゥワに実力で継承された。

［杉山正明］

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