A group of tiny islands scattered over a distance of about 180 kilometers between Yakushima in Kagoshima Prefecture and Amami Oshima, a distance of about 200 kilometers. The group includes 12 islands, starting with Kuchinoshima, the northernmost island at 30 degrees north latitude, and Yokoatejima, at 28 degrees 50 minutes north latitude. The group belongs to Toshima Village, Kagoshima County, Kagoshima Prefecture. The group is designated as part of the Tokara Islands Prefectural Natural Park. All of the islands are volcanic, but only two islands, Suwanosejima and Nakanoshima, are still active. In terms of geological structure, from the north, Kuchinoshima, Nakanoshima, Suwasejima, and Akusekijima are part of the new orogenic belt, while to the west, almost parallel to each other, Kogajajima, Gajajima, Tairajima, Kojima, Kodakarajima, Takarajima, Kaminonejima, and Yokoatejima are part of an island arc that belongs to the old orogenic belt. Most of these islands are surrounded by steep cliffs, but Kodakarajima and Takarajima are bordered by raised coral fringing reefs, giving them a different landscape from the other islands. As they are always in the path of the Kuroshio Current, the climate is warm and the islands are covered with subtropical plants. Of the 12 islands, five are uninhabited: Kogajajima, Gajajima, Kojima, Kaminonejima, and Yokoatejima. There is nothing worth mentioning in terms of industry, and the population, which was about 3,400 at the time of return to Japan in 1952 (Showa 27), has fallen to around 600 by 2010. Public transportation is currently provided by the village-run boat "Toshima Maru," which runs between the islands and Kagoshima City once every four days. The islands, which were once called "Michinoshima" in ancient times, are now only receiving a trickle of tourists in the summer. [Kimihiko Tsukada] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
鹿児島県屋久(やく)島から奄美(あまみ)大島に至る約200キロメートルの間に、約180キロメートルにわたって点在する微小な島々。北緯30度の口之島(くちのしま)を最北の島として28度50分の横当島(よこあてじま)までの12島をさす。鹿児島県鹿児島郡十島村(としまむら)に属する。トカラ列島県立自然公園に指定される。全島が火山島であるが、現在活動を続けているのは諏訪瀬島(すわのせじま)と中之島の2島である。地体構造的には、北から口之島、中之島、諏訪瀬島、悪石(あくせき)島が新期造山帯に、その西側にほぼ平行に並ぶ小臥蛇(こがじゃ)島、臥蛇島、平(たいら)島、小島(こじま)、小宝(こだから)島、宝島、上ノ根(かみのね)島、横当島が古期造山帯に属する島弧である。これら島々のほとんどが周囲を急崖(きゅうがい)で囲まれるが、小宝島と宝島は隆起サンゴ裾礁(きょしょう)によって縁どられ、ほかの島々とは異なった景観を示す。常時黒潮の流路となっているため、気候は温暖で島々は亜熱帯性植物で覆われる。12島のうち小臥蛇島、臥蛇島、小島、上ノ根島、横当島の5島は無人島である。産業面からは取り上げるほどのものはなく、1952年(昭和27)日本復帰当時約3400人であった人口も2010年には600人台へと減少した。公共交通機関として、現在村営船「としま」丸が4日に1便島伝いに鹿児島市との間を往復している。古代に「道之島」とよばれた往時の島々は、現在夏の観光客を細々と受け入れているにすぎない。 [塚田公彦] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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