A term in music history. A school of medieval polyphony that flourished for nearly a century from the mid-12th century, centered around Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. Whereas up until that point polyphonic music had followed the rhythm of Gregorian chant, this school brought about a revolutionary innovation in music history by establishing a strict rhythmic system based on ternary beats by combining major and minor notes. Based on this rhythmic system, called modal rhythm, Léonin (Leoninus), a representative composer of the late 12th century, composed two-part organums with countermelody added to the fixed melody of Gregorian chant, and further completed the Magnus Liber Organi, a collection of such works sung on major holidays throughout the year. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
音楽史の用語。12世紀半ばころからほぼ1世紀にわたって,パリのノートル・ダム大聖堂を中心に栄えた中世ポリフォニー音楽の楽派。それまでのポリフォニー音楽がグレゴリオ聖歌のリズムに準じていたのに対し,長短の音符の組合せによって3拍子を基本とする厳格なリズム体系を確立して音楽史に画期的な革新をもたらした。モーダル・リズムと呼ばれるそのようなリズム体系に基づいて12世紀後半の代表的作曲家レオナンLéonin(レオニヌスLeoninus)はグレゴリオ聖歌を定旋律としてそれに対旋律を付け加えた2声オルガヌムを作曲し,さらに1年を通じておもな祝日で歌われるそのような作品を集大成して《大オルガヌム曲集Magnus Liber Organi》を完成した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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