Sawfish - Sawfish

Japanese: ノコギリエイ - のこぎりえい
Sawfish - Sawfish

A general term for a family or genus of the order Pristidae, or the name of one of its species. The family Pristidae (English name: sawfishes) is characterized by a highly protruding snout with a row of small blade-like scales on both sides, giving it an overall saw-like appearance. Two genera are known, and the common sawfish P. pristis (English name: sawfish) of the Pristis genus is found in the waters off Japan. This species is characterized by the fact that the spines on its snout extend almost to the base of the snout, and that the lower lobe of the caudal fin does not extend very much. Its habitat is shallow seas, estuaries, rivers, freshwater lakes, etc., and it mainly uses its saw-shaped snout to dig into the seabed on sandy and muddy bottoms, searching for shellfish and crustaceans, and sometimes dives into schools of small fish, swinging its snout around to kill and eat them. They reproduce non-placental, viviparous, and once the fetus has absorbed its own egg yolk, it receives nutrients from the mother to grow. After a gestation period of about five months, they give birth to up to 13 young, each about 80 centimeters in length. They are found in the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans, and the Mediterranean Sea, and can grow to over 7 meters in length. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List lists them as Critically Endangered (CR), a species that is threatened (as of August 2021).

[Kazuhiro Nakatani September 17, 2021]

[Reference] | A
Major types of rays (2) [specimen illustrations]
©Tomita Hyakushu ">

Major types of rays (2) [specimen illustrations]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

軟骨魚綱ノコギリエイ目の科や属の総称、またはその1種の名称。ノコギリエイ科Pristidae(英名sawfishes)は吻(ふん)がきわめて突出し、その両側に小刃状に変形した楯鱗(じゅんりん)が1列に並び、全体に鋸状となるのが大きな特徴である。2属が知られており、日本近海にはノコギリエイ属PristisのノコギリエイP. pristis(英名common sawfish)が分布する。同種は吻の棘(とげ)が吻の根元近くまであること、尾びれ下葉があまり伸長しないことなどが特徴。生息域は浅海、河口、河川、淡水湖などで、おもに砂泥底で鋸状の吻を使って海底を掘り、貝類や甲殻類などを探し、ときに小魚の群れのなかに突入し、吻を振り回して小魚を殺して食べる。生殖方法は非胎盤型の胎生で、胎仔(たいし)は自分の卵黄を吸収してしまうと母体から栄養を受けて成育する。5か月ほどの妊娠期間後に、全長80センチメートルほどの子を、最多で13尾ほど産む。太平洋、インド洋、大西洋、地中海に分布し、最大で全長7メートルを超える。国際自然保護連合(IUCN)のレッド・リストでは、絶滅危惧(きぐ)種中の「深刻な危機」(CR)に指定されている(2021年8月時点)。

[仲谷一宏 2021年9月17日]

[参照項目] | エイ
エイのおもな種類(2)〔標本画〕
©冨田百秋">

エイのおもな種類(2)〔標本画〕


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