cerebral hemorrhage

Japanese: 脳溢血 - のういっけつ

Also called cerebral hemorrhage. Hemorrhage occurs when the necrotic walls of small cerebral arteries rupture due to high blood pressure and other factors. It is common in men over 50 years old, and the majority of causes are arteriosclerosis and high blood pressure. Attacks cause loss of consciousness, vomiting, flushing of the face, bradycardia due to increased intracranial pressure, deep breathing, immobility of the limbs, and incontinence of bladder and bowel movements. Large hemorrhage, ventricular hemorrhage, and brain stem hemorrhage are called electric shock strokes, and often result in death at the same time as the attack. Post-attack symptoms include cerebral hemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the body), with strong muscle tone on the affected side. Prolonged paralysis can lead to muscular atrophy. Treatment for attacks involves resting, cooling the head, and administering antihypertensive drugs. Sometimes surgery is also used. Treatment for aftereffects includes massage, exercise training, electrical therapy, and administration of cerebral vasodilators.
→ Related topics: Patellar tendon reflex | Adult diseases | Aneurysm | Internal bleeding | Cerebral embolism | Stroke | Hemianopsia | Dizziness | Retinal hemorrhage

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

脳出血ともいう。壊死(えし)した脳小動脈壁が高血圧などの影響で破綻(はたん)を生じ出血すること。50歳以上の男性に多く，原因の大部分は動脈硬化症と高血圧症。発作時は意識消失，嘔吐(おうと)，顔面紅潮，脳圧亢進による徐脈などを呈し，呼吸は深く，四肢は運動不能で，大小便の失禁などを起こす。大出血・脳室出血・脳幹出血は電撃性卒中といって発作と同時に死亡する場合が多い。発作後の脱落症状として，脳性片麻痺(まひ)（半身不随）を生じ，麻痺側では筋緊張が強い。麻痺が長引くと筋萎縮症を生じる。治療は，発作に対しては安静にして頭部を冷やし，降圧薬投与などを行う。時に外科療法も適用。後遺症に対してはマッサージ，運動練習，電気療法，脳血管拡張薬投与など。
→関連項目膝蓋腱反射｜成人病｜動脈瘤｜内出血｜脳塞栓｜脳卒中｜半盲｜めまい｜網膜出血

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